振动平台精密标定连续观测重力仪关键技术研究

As the development of gravity observation technologies continues, the frequency band range of digital and networked continuous observation gravimeter with high sample rate has been greatly improved. So the observation and study of dynamic process of local and global gravity field are possible with more precision. The traditional continuous observation of gravimetric signals is mainly used for solid earth tides and also for the lower frequencies. It seriously depends on the accuracy of scale factor between the output voltage variations of gravimeter and real changes of gravity and the phase lag of gravimeters, which effect the signal of gravity variation, but these effects has not been considered. The uncertainty or big error of scale factor and phase lag may be lead observe tidal parameters that deviate from the value of correct earth model, and leads to difficulties of observation data interpretation and researches or applications of Geodynamics. This project references the existing developing experience of shaking table for gravimeter calibration and ideas of seismic simulation shaking table design, in view of the main factors that influence the accuracy of calibtation, designs the key devices of platform, establishs correction model for interference and noise, researchs algorithm of precision calibration, trial-manufactures a prototype system of shaking table, and finally carries out the calibration experiments of the gravity measuring instrument. The research results will help to improve the data production precision of the continuous gravity observation network, and will provide high quality observation data for scitific research such as geodynamic or seismology and practical application in field of disaster prevention and mitigation, enviromental monitoring, aerospace technology and national defense construction, which has important practical value and scientific meaning on application and research.

随着重力观测技术的发展，数字化、网络化、高采样连续重力观测仪器的频带范围得到极大拓宽，使区域或全球重力场的动态过程观测与研究成为可能。传统连续重力观测主要为固体潮及更低频率信号的研究服务，仅关注仪器输出电压变化与实际重力变化转换格值的准确性，未考虑仪器相位滞后对重力观测信号的影响。格值及相位滞后的不确定性或者误差太大将使观测潮汐参数偏离地球模型值，对观测资料的解释和地球动力学研究应用带来困难。项目参考国内外已有重力仪振动标定平台的研制经验，借鉴地震模拟振动台的设计思路，针对影响标定精度的主要因素，设计平台各关键装置，建立干扰和测量噪声改正模型，研究仪器精密标定算法，试制振动平台原型系统，最后开展仪器标定实验。研究成果可有效提高我国连续重力观测台网产出数据的精度，为防灾减灾、环境监测、航空航天、国防建设等实际应用及地球动力学、地震等科学研究提供高质量观测数据，具有重要的实用价值和科学意义。

随着重力观测技术的发展，数字化、网络化、高采样连续重力观测仪器的频带范围得到极大拓宽，使区域或全球重力场的动态过程观测与研究成为可能。传统连续重力观测主要为固体潮及更低频率信号的研究服务，仅关注仪器输出电压变化与实际重力变化转换格值的准确性，未考虑仪器相位滞后对重力观测信号的影响。格值及相位滞后的不确定性或者误差太大将使观测潮汐参数偏离地球模型值，对观测资料的解释和地球动力学研究应用带来困难。本项目参考了国内外已有重力仪振动标定平台的研制经验，同时借鉴地震仪模拟振动平台的设计思路，针对影响连续观测重力仪标定精度的主要因素，设计并实现了平台反馈控制、自动调平及位置测量系统，建立了环境干扰和测量噪声的改正模型，提出了一种基于小波的多分辨率信号识别算法，试制加工了振动平台原型系统，最后利用该系统开展了不同类型连续重力仪标定实验。研究成果可有效提高我国连续重力观测台网产出数据的精度，为防灾减灾、环境监测、航空航天、国防建设等实际应用及地球动力学、地震等科学研究提供高质量观测数据，具有重要的实用价值和科学意义。