基于能量传递效能的飞机电液异构作动系统可靠性理论与分析方法研究

For the realization of coming large aircraft with high efficiency and high safety, the aircraft actuation system is evolving towards diversification, high power density and high efficiency between power and information interaction. Dissimilar Electro-Hydraulic Power Supply and Actuation System (EHPSAS) is becoming an important development direction. The existing reliability theories only study EHPSAS functional availability from the view of logical relations between components. However, those theories fail to describe the coupling mechanism between control information and real physical system, and they also fall short of describing energy transfer efficiency. Therefore, the existing reliability theories are unable to support high reliable EHPSAS design. This project explores the mapping relationship between power transfer efficiency and requirement for the control surface of EHPSAS. The reliability characteristic of EHPSAS is studied in-depth and power transmission efficiency is selected as core character to reveal the mapping mechanism between the dynamic reliability of EHPSAS and power transfer efficiency. Then, the optimal reliability estimation method of EHPSAS and its composed components based on statistics of power transfer efficiency is explored. We will capture the dynamic optimal reconfiguration strategy and energy matching strategy for existing redundancy resource. Finally, we will establish a novel dynamic reliability theory based on power transfer efficiency which can break the bottleneck problems in the area of high reliable EHPSAS design and evaluation.

为实现未来大型飞机高效率及高安全指标，飞机作动系统正向着能量传递的多元化、高功率化，以及信息与能量综合的高效化不断演化，电液异构作动系统成为飞机作动系统发展的重要方向。现有可靠性理论仅从功能部件之间逻辑关系分析电液异构作动系统功能正确与否，无法准确反映其可靠性本质机理及性能退变规律，因此不适用于电液作动系统高可靠设计。本项目以飞机电液异构作动系统能量传递效能与飞机舵面的操纵需求为牵引，深入探讨飞机电液作动系统可靠性本质特征，提取影响作动系统能量传递效能的核心要素，揭示飞机作动系统可靠性与能量传递效能的映射机理及系统可靠性的本质规律；探索基于电液作动系统自身能量传递效能统计的可靠性最优估计方法，捕获动态余度资源最优重构策略和能量匹配规律，创成基于能量传递效能的飞机电液异构作动系统可靠性基本理论，突破大型飞机电液作动系统的高可靠理论及评价方法的瓶颈问题.

多电飞机的作动系统是关系到飞行安全、操纵性能和控制品质最为重要的机载子系统。由于多电飞机能源供给不同、液压作动器与电静液作动器的输出响应和作动持续能力不同，因此其非相似余度管理、功率输出差异匹配、故障发生发展规律变得异常复杂。本项目瞄准电液异构作动系统本质功能需求，开展的研究工作以及取得的主要结果如下：.（1）抽取表征系统状态特征与能量传递特征的核心要素，将系统内部的可靠性状态映射到系统能量传递效能表征上。针对不同失效机理导致不同元部件的性能降级过程提出基于耗散能量的可靠性模型，并采用通用生成函数理论提出基于能量传递效能的可靠性建模与评价方法。.（2）提出了一种能量流场网络和耦合退化模型。考虑通过物理连接传递的能量流，和环境等随机因素作用在部件上的能量场，用固有性能退化率来描述状态的转移，使用耦合降级系数矩阵来描述不同节点的影响关系，用强度函数描述能量场对节点的影响强度，由此描述了故障的动态传播过程。.（3）提出了一种以多参数融合健康因子为性能指标，SIR和HSMM结合的可靠性状态最优估计方法。对可靠性特征参数优先排序—降低相关性—进行融合来构建表征可靠性状态的多参数融合健康因子。然后采用HSMM方法建立整体性能退化模型，通过SIR实现递推最优状态估计。.（4）建立了基于能量优化匹配的非相似余度舵面控制系统的可靠性模型，对多种情况下的EHA和HA能量管理方式进行优化。对于整个系统，提出了飞机三轴电液操纵系统容错重构策略，利用最小路理论对展开项进行化简；通过锐积运算的方法，去掉了概率计算中的包含项，提高了计算准确性。