川金丝猴集体移动决策机制的研究

Group decision making is one of the important methods to coordinate the behavior of individual animals living in a group in order to achieve the benefits of group-living. However, the types and processes of group decision-making are different among different animals due to their differences in behavior and demands. Study when individuals' different needs are not satisfied, how to maintain group cohesion and coordinate individuals' activities, not only is highly attracted in researches on animal cognition, and also is a basal ethology question, and as well as has become an important scientific issues in conservation biology. For snub-nosed monkeys enjoy multi-level society and large population grouping, it is performing well basal conditions on explore collective decision making in primates. In this study, based on individual identification, we will investigate collective movement decision making in Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in the Qinling mountains. Refer to pre-movement behaviors, group collective move initiate model and group collective move respond model based on OMU and society levels, we are trying to clarify various aspects mechanism during the collective movement decision making process. Combining the contribution and relationships between individual movement and group movement, we are trying to summaries the specialties and commonness of Sichuan snub-nosed collective movement. As well as the compare with baboon collective movement pattern, we hope to perfect the multi level collective decision making mechanism under the Multi-level society system. The results will complement primate collective decision making theory, as well as promote the development of conservation biology in primates.

动物社群的集体行为决策是营集群生活的动物调节群体活动、获得集群生活收益的重要手段。当社群内出现意见分歧时，如何在社群内形成应对分歧的决策，保持社群的聚合度，不仅成为动物认知研究的热点，也是动物行为生态学的一个基本问题。金丝猴拥有现生灵长类动物最复杂的重层社会结构和大种群大家域等特点，为研究灵长类集体决策问题提供了良好的基本条件。本项目在个体识别基础上，以川金丝猴集体移动为研究对象，以集体移动发起前行为，集体移动发起模式、集体移动回应模式为手段，期望从OMU层面和社群层面了解川金丝猴集体移动决策过程各环节发生方式，阐明OMU层面和社群层面集体移动决策制定过程的规律；结合集体移动中个体移动对集体移动的贡献与关系，总结重层社会体制下川金丝猴集体决策共同性与特殊性，进而阐明川金丝猴集体移动决策机制，建立重层社会体系下不同层面的移动决策模式，为完善灵长类集体决策理论以及推动集体决策领域的发展作出贡献

集体决策对于群居动物协调成员间的行为节律，消除利益冲突有着至关重要的作用。由于行为差异和决策动机的不同，决策机制在不同的野生动物中千差万别。本基金针对川金丝猴的集体移动行为，对其决策机制进行了探讨。发现川金丝猴移动行为的集体决策存在两个连续但是相对独立的决策阶段，即移动方向决策和移动启动决策。在这些决策中，成年个体是决策的主要制定者，并确定跟随人数和发起者的特征网络中心度是影响决策成败的关键因素。同时发现，在决策过程中投票规则为最小阈值规则，从一定程度上解释了川金丝猴集体移动决策的放生方式，为完善灵长类集体决策理论以及推动集体决策领域的发展作出贡献。