基于PMN-PT/金属复合振子的超声压电低压驱动器抗高过载性能研究

The applicability of ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator is urgently improved in the high impact environments (e.g. missile-borne and aerospace launch environments ) in military project. The anti-high-overloading performance of low voltage driving ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator based on PMN-PT/metal hybride vibrator is studied in this project. With the analysis for the dynamic response of low voltage driving ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator using finite element method, the dynamic and ouput mechanical mathematical model is established. In order to improve the anti-high-overloading capacity of the ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator, the shock isolation device of anti-high-overloading is designed, the structure optimization and elasticity layout optimization of components is implemented. The multilayer cofired PMN-PT ceramic and metal hybride process, the friction materials selection and spraying process, assembly process, are designed and revised to improve the anti-high-overloading capacity of the ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator. The principle prototypes of low voltage driving ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator are fabricated. The impact experiments of the principle prototypes with/without the anti-high-overloading protective measures are carried out under different impact loads. The output characteristics of the ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator with/without protective measures and different impact loads are compared and analyzed. The effectiveness of anti-high-overloading protective measures proposed in this project are validated with these experiments. This project will provide a selection for the special driven function in the high impact environments of military project, and promote the applications of ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator in high impact environments.

目前军工领域高冲击环境（如弹载环境、航空航天发射环境）下超声压电驱动器的适用性亟待提高，本项目针对基于PMN-PT/金属复合振子的超声压电低压驱动器进行抗高过载性能研究。通过有限元方法对高冲击载荷下超声压电低压驱动器的动态响应分析，建立驱动器的动力学及机械输出数学模型；对超声压电低压驱动器进行抗高过载隔震装置设计、各部件结构优化及弹性布局优化，提高驱动器的抗高过载性能；对多层共烧PMN-PT陶瓷与金属复合工艺、摩擦材料选取与喷涂工艺及驱动器整体装配工艺进行设计及改进，实现驱动器抗高过载能力的提升；对加工制作的超声压电低压驱动器原理样机在有无抗高过载防护措施状态下，进行不同冲击载荷强度下的冲击试验；对冲击前后及不同冲击条件下驱动器的输出特性进行对比分析，验证本项目所提出抗高过载防护措施的有效性。本项目为军工领域高冲击环境中的特殊驱动需求提供一种选择，并推动超声压电驱动器在高冲击环境下的应用。

本项目针对基于PMN-PT/金属复合振子的超声压电低压驱动器进行抗高过载性能研究，以提高超声压电驱动器在高冲击环境中的适用性。本项目对高冲击载荷下超声压电低压驱动器中关键部件的失效模式及受力进行了分析。构建了高冲击载荷下超声压电低压驱动器转子形变的数学模型，并依据数学模型对超声压电驱动器的结构提出了改进意见。对高冲击载荷下超声压电低压驱动器的动态响应进行了仿真分析，得到了不同幅值与脉宽条件下超声压电驱动器转子的位移时程曲线；构建了高冲击载荷下超声压电低压驱动器定子的动态响应理论模型，并进行了动态响应特性分析。对超声压电低压驱动器预压力装置对抗高过载性能的影响进行了研究，得到了转子变形量与预紧力及补偿量之间的关系；提出了一种超声压电驱动器缓冲隔振装置，可适用于两个方向的缓冲减震。对超声压电低压驱动器孤极在高冲击环境中的传感特性进行了研究，使得孤极信号输出与冲击载荷保持良好的线性关系。对不同冲击载荷下的超声压电低压驱动器的抗高过载性能进行了实验研究。本项目为军工领域高冲击环境中的特殊驱动需求提供一种选择，并推动超声压电驱动器在高冲击环境下的应用。