导电聚(2-氨基噻唑)的化学氧化合成及多功能性研究

The proposed research focuses on the design and synthesis of conducting poly(2-aminothiazole) from a heterocyclic hydrocarbon, 2-aminothiazole, using a simple chemical oxidative polymerization. This will open unexplored avenues to conducting poly(2-aminothiazole) as compared to the traditional routes such as electrochemical oxidative polymerization and Suzuki-based coupling method. The chemical structure, polymeric chain regularity and morphology of poly(2-aminothiazle) will be faciely optimized by controlling reactive parameters including the oxidants, solvents, monomer concentrations, oxidant concentrations and polymerization temperature employed. The mechanism including polymerization of 2-aminothiazole, antibacterial property and heavy metal ion absorption will be detailedly investigated in this proposal. The successes of this proposal provide an organic conjugated polymer with novel multifunctionality such as conductivity, thermal stability, antibacterial property and heavy metal ion absorptive property. It is expected that the outcomes of this proposed research will substantially impact across and beyond the range of organic electronics, industrial wastewater and drink-water treatments and food packing techniques. Especially, it will contribute to the applications of conducting polymers in the priority area of environmental protections, and thus providing a green approach to advanced treatment of heavy metal pollution.

本项目从杂环芳烃2-氨基噻唑单体出发，应用简捷的化学氧化聚合方法合成导电聚(2-氨基噻唑)，打破噻唑聚合物仅能通过电化学聚合或偶联方法获得且缺乏规模化合成潜力的瓶颈。通过筛选最佳的氧化剂和溶剂体系，优化单体浓度、氧化剂浓度以及聚合温度等，调控聚(2-氨基噻唑)的化学结构、链规整度和微观形貌；通过研究聚合物的结构、微观形貌及性能三角关系，阐明聚(2-氨基噻唑)的聚合机理、抗菌机理以及重金属离子吸附机理，发展一种集导电、耐高温、抗菌以及重金属离子选择性吸附功能为一体的新型有机共轭聚合物材料。该项目有望为有机光电子器件、工业废水处理、饮用水净化以及食品包装等应用领域建立新的材料基础，特别是扩展导电聚合物在环境保护领域的应用，为深度处理重金属污染废水提供新的"绿色"方法。

提出了有机体系和水体系下制备聚氨基噻唑的两种新方法，聚合物产率高达81%；通过化学结构表征和反应动力学研究，阐明了聚合物的形成机理；提出碘蒸气掺杂方法提升聚氨基噻唑的电学性质，掺杂后聚合物导电率可达到10-3 S/cm；研究了聚氨基噻唑对重金属吸附的能力，发现聚合物对汞离子具有选择性吸附能力，饱和吸附容量高达250.2 mg/g；重点研究了汞离子吸附动力学，阐明了聚氨基噻唑的吸附机理，即汞离子与聚合物N、S元素发生配位作用；利用静电纺丝技术和溶液共混法分别制备了聚氨基噻唑/醋酸纤维素、聚氨基噻唑/聚砜复合膜，探究了复合膜对重金属离子的吸附性能，发现聚氨基噻唑能够显著增强醋酸纤维素和聚砜的汞离子吸附能力；最终获得了具有知识产权的、可用于重金属废水处理的新型导电聚合物及膜材料。发表标注受本项目资助的SCI文章14篇，其中一区SCI论文6篇；申请3项国家发明专利；培养环境工程专业硕士生2名。