恶劣海况条件下印刷电路板换热通道内多相能质高效传递机理

Traditional heat transfer technology adopted in the Chinese submarine power system, featuring larger equipment volume and relatively higher risks, has become one of the bottlenecks for further improving the compactness and reliability of submarine. Developing a new printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) that applicable for severe sea condition is identified as one of the key technologies for the upgrade and development of modern submarine power system. It should be noted that the problems, such as the maldistribution of multiphase flow, the heat transfer deterioration due to phase change and the thermal loading impact under variable condition, turn to be significant under server sea condition, which calls for more investigations. In this project, the multiphase heat and mass transfer characteristics inside the micro-channels of PCHE under the severe sea condition would be studied. The multiphase flow distribution among micro-channels would be investigated, and the mechanisms for the heat deterioration due to the phase change and the thermal loading impact under variable conditions would be revealed. Then a new PCHE channel structure applicable for severe sea condition, which possesses the advantages of high efficiency and low penalty of pressure drop, is proposed. The coordinate strengthening heat transfer method for PCHE would be established. The six degree of freedom (6DOF) experiments would be carried out to evaluate the comprehensive performance of PCHE under severe sea condition. It is believed that this project would provide the fundamentally theoretical supports for developing an advanced heat transfer technology of submarine power system, and expand a new application field for PCHE.

换热技术落后是制约我国水下舰船动力系统朝着高紧凑性高可靠性目标发展的主要瓶颈之一，开发适用于恶劣海况条件的新型紧凑高效印刷电路板换热技术（PCHE）是实现水下舰船动力系统更新换代的关键所在。但在恶劣海况条件下PCHE换热通道内将面临更显著的多相流量分配不均匀性、更复杂的相变传热恶化现象和频繁的变工况热载荷冲击等问题，国内外学者对此鲜有研究。因此，本项目旨在通过研究恶劣海况条件下PCHE微细通道内的多相能质传递特性，获得微细通道内多相流动不均匀分配规律，揭示强回流条件下相变传热恶化形成机制和变工况条件下热载荷冲击形成机制；提出适用于恶劣海况条件的新型高效低阻PCHE通道结构，形成PCHE内多股流多通道协同传热强化方法；建立能够模拟恶劣海况条件的六自由度实验方法，验证海洋条件下PCHE综合性能；既为开发紧凑高效可靠的水下舰船换热方法提供基础理论支持，也为PCHE技术拓展新的应用领域。

本项目针对未来水下舰船动力系统高紧凑性、高可靠性的换热需求，通过相关的理论分析、数值分析和模拟海况实验相结合的研究方法，建立恶劣海况条件下PCHE 微细通道内蒸汽凝结过程数值预测模型，研究了恶劣海况条件下微细通道内两相流动换热特性；基于二次流效应与场协同理论，建立了PCHE多股流多通道协同强化方法，为开发高效低阻PCHE换热器提供理论指导；建立了能够模拟恶劣海况条件的六自由度实验方法，进行了PCHE换热器数值与实验的对比验证。.数值模型计算部分，在源项中添加恶劣海况条件引入的附加质量力，建立了恶劣海况条件下微细通道蒸汽凝结数值预测模型，基于模型，研究海洋条件的引入对微细通道内蒸汽凝结过程中两相流型演化、相界面分布、温度场分布、压力波动等关键特性的影响规律，得到恶劣海况条件下PCHE微细通道的流动阻力特性和局部传热特性，揭示了恶劣海况条件对微细通道内多相流动不均匀性、相变传热恶化形成机制；从恶劣海况条件下复杂微细通道多相流动不均匀性、强回流条件下的相变传热恶化现象和变工况条件下微细通道内热载荷冲击问题等角度，揭示恶劣海况条件与PCHE通道内多相流动传热过程的耦合作用机理；基于二次流强化传热与场协同原理，提出了适用于恶劣海况条件的PCHE内多股流多通道协同传热强化方法，给出到了适用恶劣海况条件的新型高效低阻PCHE结构；最后建立了模拟恶劣海况条件的六自由度实验方法，开展PCHE流动换热性能实验测试，进行数值与实验对比验证，验证了海洋条件下PCHE换热器的综合性能。.本项目共发表学术论文30篇，其中国际期刊论文17篇（均为SCI源刊），EI收录论文3篇，国内外会议论文6篇。申请国家发明专利10项，其中授权发明专利7项。参加国际会议5人次，参加国内会议1人次。在人才培养方面，1人晋升为研究员，1人晋升为高级工程师，培养毕业博士研究生1名，硕士研究生2名。