艺术地理学与当代中国城乡发展的艺术干预

The role of arts in urban and rural development has been widerly recognized in post-industrial society.Art interventions on urban and rural development have also attracted international acamemic researchers not only coming from art studies but also from urban studies, cultural economy, creative cities,gentrification,urban regeneration ,rural renewal,public art or community art,although there remains an evident lack of knowledge integration and interdisciplinary study. With regard to Chinese situation, Chinese comtemporary art works have received an incredible attention in global art market in recent years.Contemporary art seems to show a rising value in cultural economy and social impact. Artists and those related groups or organzations such as curators,art critics,architects,urban planners,geographers,journalists or new media tech companies,culture intermediators,cultural producers or workers,culture consumers,goverments or art foundations ,real estate developers have started to be engaged and integrated in the rapid process of China urbanization and rural construction and renewal by way of art inverventions. However,Chinese cultural geographers and urban geographers have not paid much attention to this emerging area.The new terms of art geographies and creative geographies produced in recent western academia implies the potential of developing a new subdisciplanary of human geography.This project attemps to step into this new area by starting with a systematical literature review on art interventions on urban and rural development.The purpose of this project is to identify some basic patterns or models of art interventions in urban and rural China and their operational dynamics,social and spatial impacts as well as the knowledge building of art geographies in the context of cultural/art turn of geography and spatial turn of art.Based on action research,field works,case studies,social network analysis and video-visual methodologies for art works,the project will explore how contemporary art practitioners and participants in China assemble local and global actors and factors to influence Chinese urban development and rural reconstruction, how they construct the social-geographical networks in art invterventions and what is the role of these networks for art intervention and pulic participatory,how artists work with geographers in site or geographers engage in art interventions to produce art works which may relate to geographical conceptions and research issues such as place,space,scale,locality,urban village,etc.,what contributions this connection can make for the enrichment of current cultural geographies and urban geographies.From practical point of view, this project is expected to inspire policy makers to reconsider the key issues of new type urbanization and rural renewal from perspective of art geographies.

中国当代艺术日益受到国际重视，艺术不断获得文化经济价值和社会影响，由艺术家、策展人、建筑师、媒体人、文艺青年、创意店主和文化艺术消费者构成的广泛群体，对中国城乡发展的社会进程和空间重塑方兴未艾，在房地产开发商、国际机构、社会组织和各级政府的参与下，艺术的城乡干预变成一个显性问题，但是，国内地理学界对这一问题的讨论相对不足，国际上的讨论刚刚兴起。本课题试图通过系统梳理近些年来西方学术界有关艺术与地理的相关文献,立足艺术干预中国城乡建设的具体个案，讨论艺术在当代中国城市化进程和乡村变革的语境下，如何集结本土-全球因素，形成艺术干预城乡的特定模式、社会地理网络和空间结果；通过讨论艺术干预项目和作品本身如何体现与地理和城乡问题的关系，试图从艺术学的空间转向和地理学的文化/艺术转向，构建艺术地理学的知识图谱，为探讨我国新型城镇化道路和美丽乡村建设等重大现实问题，提供艺术地理学的科学依据和政策启示。

《艺术地理学与当代中国城乡发展的艺术干预》关注当代艺术积极介入中国城乡发展、空间生产和文化生活的社会地理现实。结合当代艺术以及新文化地理学有关城市更新、中产阶级化、文创经济与文化空间的相关研究，开展个案研究、理论构建与具身实践。成果有三：.1）艺术干预的空间类型和个案模式，主要为a)城中村艺术干预的多元差异化模式；b)老厂房或工业废弃地艺术干预的工业遗产表征模式；c)艺术对房地产新建项目、商品房门禁小区和大型商业综合体的介入，偏重于将艺术作为视觉符号资本的运作；d)艺术乡建和旅游城镇的艺术干预，与乡村民宿与民艺的小资化有关；e)文创园区的艺术介入强调作品展示和知识生产。艺术干预的文艺类型偏重于诗歌和非虚构写作、摄影、电影、音乐、亚文化文创商品、艺术双年展等，构成我们作品个案研究的基础。.2）在行动研究方面，我们尝试了文创IP研发、策展、课程整合、微信公号分享等不同于学术论文发表的新方式，试图产生艺术介入的公共影响。.3）在理论建构方面，我们认为当代艺术与地理学的结合，可追溯到西方19世纪以来的都市现代性，与西方现代主义前卫艺术从架上艺术、转向社会场域、城市空间、社区参与乃至社会运动的演化方向有关，是当代艺术理论与实践的空间转向，与新文化地理学及城市研究之文化转向的双向融合。艺术干预在中国的表现，主要不是艺术行动主义，而是与城乡空间的视觉实践和媒介表征有关，但需辩证处理诸如本土与外来、传统与现代、私人与公共、现实与表征等关键矛盾。因此，我们将批判性的视觉方法论（ critical visual methodology），与地方营造（place-making）结合，提出 “创意营造辩证法（dialectics of creative place-making）”作为艺术地理学原创理论，强调通过对特定地方之“地物（object）、地景(landscape)或地象（ scene）”的调查与识别，在历史性（时间性）分析、地理性（空间性）分析、社会性（公共性）分析、以及地理美学分析的基础上，接近尊重历史、尊重地理、强调公共性和美学创新之价值评判的创意营造。