三种尺度下的城市直接与间接碳排放核算研究

Cities are concentrated with energy consumption and cross-boundary energy and materials exchange, both the domestic direct carbon emissions and cross-boundary indirect carbon emissions are contributed by cities. Thus cities are the hotspots of regional carbon accounting studies. China is the world largest carbon emitter and with highest population, thus accounting the carbon emission in China’s cities is critical for low carbon mitigation strategy. On the basis of bottom up sector level statistics, city’s energy flow balance data and multi-regional input-output (MRIO) model, this study will quantify the city’s carbon emissions in terms of three system boundaries: domestic direct carbon emission (scope 1); regional indirect carbon emission caused by import electricity consumption (scope 2) and global indirect carbon emission that embodied in global supply chain (scope 3). The study aims to quantify city’s direct and indirect emissions; to distinguish the common and different characters of the carbon emissions in Chinese cities; to build up the framework for city’s emission accounting at all 3 scopes and to support the low carbon development strategy at city’s level.

城市能源活动密集，跨区域物质能量流动频繁，本地直接碳排放和跨区域（跨国）的间接碳排放共存，因此，城市碳排放核算是全球碳排放清单领域研究的重点。我国作为全球碳排放和城市人口最多的国家，城市是碳减排的主体，量化表征城市碳排放对制定低碳发展战略至关重要。本课题基于自下而上的分行业、分部门的能源消费平衡，利用多区域投入产出模型研究城市的本地直接碳排放（尺度1）、跨区域火电输送间接碳排放（尺度2）、全球产业链间接碳排放（尺度3）；量化中国主要城市的直接碳排放和产业链间接碳排放；阐明本地、区域和全球尺度下我国城市碳排放的共性和特性特征，建立三种尺度下的碳排放核算体系，为我国编制城市碳排放清单提供理论支持，为我国制定城市低碳发展战略提供科学依据。

本课题基于自下而上的分行业、分部门的能源消费平衡，利用多区域投入产出模型研究城市的本地直接碳排放（尺度1）、跨区域火电输送间接碳排放（尺度2）、全球产业链间接碳排放（尺度3）；量了化中国主要城市的直接碳排放和产业链间接碳排放；阐明了本地、区域和全球尺度下我国城市碳排放的共性和特性特征，建立了三种尺度下的碳排放核算体系，研究结果发表为13篇SCI论文，为我国编制城市碳排放清单提供理论支持，为我国制定城市低碳发展战略提供科学依据。