基于虚拟样机建模的航空发动机双转子系统耦合不对中振动机理研究

Aiming to the coexist of several types of misalignments in the aviation engine with multi-support and double rotor, the mutual coupling contributed by the intermediate bearing and gear coupling structure, and the stability of the aircraft engine influenced by the appearance of coupling misalignment, a novel coupling misalignment vibration response mechanism based on the virtual prototype fault modeling method of is proposed. The research content includes: (1) aviation engine virtual prototype modeling. Research aviation engine kinematics characteristic and the description method, set up the machine vibration equation; Layered virtual prototype modeling method is adopted to establish the aircraft engine virtual prototype machine. (2) coupling misalignment virtual prototype modeling. Research on the excitation ways of the coupling misalignment, set up the coupling double rotor system vibration equation, and combined with the virtual prototype model of the whole machine, double rotor system coupling misalignment model based on the virtual prototype is established. (3) the vibration characteristics of coupling misalignment and the stability of the whole machine. Analysis the coupling vibration response under different state characteristics and vibration coupling law, research on the relationship between coupling misalignment degree and the stability of the whole machine. Combined with the experiment and the quantity of the coupling misalignment rotor vibration response analysis, the aviation engine rotor coupling misalignment vibration mechanism is exposed. This project can be helpful for the high reliability of aviation engine and operation maintenance.

项目针对航空发动机普遍采用的多支承内外双转子系统中不同类型不对中多处并存，中介轴承和套齿联接结构加剧了其相互耦合，影响航空发动机稳定运行问题，拟采用虚拟样机故障建模方法开展耦合不对中振动响应机理研究。研究内容包括：(1)航空发动机整机虚拟样机建模。研究航空发动机运动学性态与描述方法，建立整机振动方程；采用分层虚拟样机建模方法建立航空发动机整机虚拟样机。(2)耦合不对中虚拟样机建模。研究耦合不对中激励表现形式，建立典型耦合不对中双转子系统振动方程，结合整机虚拟样机模型，建立双转子系统耦合不对中虚拟样机。(3)不对中振动特性及对整机稳定性影响研究。分析不同状态下耦合不对中振动响应特性及振动耦合规律，研究耦合不对中程度与整机稳定性的映射关系。结合实验开展转子耦合不对中量与振动响应规律验证分析，从而揭示航空发动机转子耦合不对中振动机理。项目研究可为高可靠性航空发动机设计及运行维护提供理论参考。

项目以某型航空发动机双转子系统为对象，研究其联轴器不对中和轴承不对中形式下的转子系统的振动特性。项目的研究工作可为高可靠性航空发动机的设计及运行维护提供一定参考依据。项目的主要研究工作如下：（1）双转子系统有限元模型建立及动态特性研究。以某型航空发动机为研究对象，运用转子动力学和有限元相关理论，建立同型支承结构的双转子系统有限元模型，通过模态分析，求解该双转子系统的前三阶临界转速、阵型及应变能分布，为后续振动分析提供基础。（2）内外双转子系统联轴器不对中振动响应研究。通过联轴器不对中产生的附加弯矩来模拟联轴器不对中故障，建立联轴器不对中动力学有限元模型。分析了联轴器不对中量对转子系统振动响应的影响规律。（3）内外双转子系统轴承不对中振动响应研究。通过轴承不对中产生的附加弯矩，来模拟双转子支撑轴承不对中故障，建立双转子支撑轴承不对中动力学有限元模型。分析了双转子支撑轴承不对中量对于转子系统振动响应的影响规律。（4）双转子系统不对中振动响应实验分析，搭建了轴承不对中振动测试实验平台，通过实验验证双转子系统支撑轴承不对中对转子系统振动的影响规律。