他感化合物调控叶蝉三棒缨小蜂内寄生行为的机制研究

In the practice of biological control, people have been dreaming of regulating the behaviors of natural enemies and pests. With the innovation of research and technology, more and more mechanisms of behavioral cues of insects (chymist, color, sound) have been revealed. The research has shown that there is always a fixed action sequence whether the insects select host plants or the natural enemies seek for hosts. The process is usually divided into orientation, location, discovery and acceptance, which is called ‘Behavioral Reaction Chain’. Chemical substances derived from hosts, host plants, or the interaction chemical substances between the two play an important role, which are called allelochemicals. For a long time, researchers have conducted a large number of studies on the allelochemicals of plant-pest-natural enemy, but the previous studies are mainly a part of the behavioral response chain and little researches have showed systematic revelation in the chain of behavior between host plant-host-parasitic natural enemy. The present study focuses on allelochemicals that influence the endoparasitic behavior of parasitic natural enemies by mature technology and new method, which takes ‘tea plant- Empoasca vitis-Stethynium empoascae’ as an object. Furthermore, we divide allelochemicals into directional behavior substance, location behavior substance, search behavior substance and oviposition behavior. By comparing the effects of single inducement and multiple inducement on influence of endoparasitism of Stethynium empoascae to reveal its regulatory mechanism. It will provide theoretical basis and technical support for the enhancement of natural enemy technology, and offers a new perspective for integrated pest management of tea gardens.

在生物防治实践中，人们长期梦想着调控害虫与天敌间的行为，随着研究和技术的创新，更多的昆虫行为诱因（化学、颜色、声音等）机制被揭示。研究表明无论是昆虫寻找寄主植物还是天敌搜寻寄主，都有固定的行为顺序，一般分为定向、定位、发现和接纳等阶段，称为“行为反应链”。行为中来源于寄主、寄主植物或两者互作的某种化学物质起着重要作用，这些种间的信息化学物质，被称为他感化合物。长期以来，研究人员对植物-害虫-天敌间的他感化合物做了大量研究，但既往的研究多是面向行为反应链中的局部进行阐明，对行为反应链整体进行系统性揭示的很少。本项目以叶蝉三棒缨小蜂为对象，利用成熟技术结合新方法，对他感化合物影响寄生性天敌内寄生行为开展系统性研究，并把其按定向、定位、搜索、产卵的行为加以区分，通过比较单诱因和多诱因对内寄生效能的影响，拟揭示其调控机制。本研究将为天敌增强技术提供理论依据和技术支持，为茶园害虫综合治理提供新视角。

在生物防治实践中，人们长期梦想着调控害虫与天敌间的行为，随着研究和技术的创新，更多的昆虫行为诱因（化学、颜色、声音等）机制被揭示。研究表明无论是昆虫寻找寄主植物还是天敌搜寻寄主，都有固定的行为顺序，一般分为定向、定位、发现和接纳等阶段，称为“行为反应链”。行为中来源于寄主、寄主植物或两者互作的某种化学物质起着重要作用，这些种间的信息化学物质，被称为他感化合物。长期以来，研究人员对植物-害虫-天敌间的他感化合物做了大量研究，但既往的研究多是面向行为反应链中的局部进行阐明，对行为反应链整体进行系统性揭示的很少。本项目以“茶树—假眼小绿叶蝉—叶蝉三棒缨小蜂”三重营养体系为对象，对以他感化合物为诱因调控叶蝉三棒缨小蜂内寄生行为的机制进行行为生态学和化学生态学的系统性研究。探明了调控叶蝉三棒缨小蜂行为反应的他感化合物来源，并分析鉴定出这些物质源的关键活性组分；明确了关键活性他感化合物在叶蝉三棒缨小蜂内寄生行为中的作用，为实施缨小蜂行为的高效调控奠定了基础；初步构建了叶蝉三棒缨小蜂控害假眼小绿叶蝉的天敌增强技术，为最终实现茶园害虫绿色防控、促进我国茶产业的可持续发展提供了理论基础和技术保障。