奇核过渡族一价离子激发态辐射性质和超精细结构研究

Radiative kinetics and hyperfine structure (HFS) data of excited states in atoms and ions of transition elements play important roles in researches on astrophysical spectral analyses, plasma diagnostics and simulations, experiments and calculations in atomic physics, nuclear physics, quantum information, temporal variation of the fundamental physical constants. Therefore, they are ones of important parts of the researches on atomic structure and kinetic processes. Currently, the family of singly ionized atoms of transition elements are very lack of experimental data of radiative kinetics and HFS for higher excited states, while the results available in the literature are scattered and unsystematic. This situation does hamper basic researches and applications in related fields. In this project, we plan to perform systematic experimental investigations on the radiative transition parameters and HFS of higher excited states for the singly ionized atoms of transition elements with odd nuclear charge (odd-nucleus), except for the radioactive Tc and the lanthanide elements, by using the beam-foil and the quantum-beat spectroscopy with SFC at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) system, the one of the Large Scale Scientific Facilities, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The studies of theoretical calculations will also be performed for some interesting experimental results. The goal of the project is to present systematic and reliable atomic data of radiative kinetics and HFS for a series of nd atomic systems. The expected research results could provide physical basis for related basic research and application fields and, they can be helpful to the cognition of the relationship laws between the radiative property as well as the hyperfine interaction and different atomic constructions (nuclear structure, electronic configuration, etc.).

过渡族元素原子和离子的激发态辐射跃迁和超精细结构参数在天体光谱分析、等离子体诊断与模拟、原子物理实验和理论研究、核物理研究、量子信息、基本物理常数检测等领域均具有重要科学和应用价值，是原子结构和动力学过程研究的重要内容。当前，过渡族一价离子非常缺乏较高激发态的辐射跃迁和超精细结构的实验数据，已有结果零散而不系统，这种状况不利于相关领域的基础研究和应用。本项目拟利用兰州重离子加速器装置中的SFC，采用束箔光谱方法和量子拍光谱方法，对放射性Tc和镧系元素以外的其它奇数核电荷（奇核）过渡元素一价离子的高激发态能级辐射跃迁和超精细结构开展系统的实验测量研究以及一些理论计算研究，旨在获得一系列nd原子体系高激发态辐射性质和超精细结构的系统而可靠的原子数据，为相关学科领域的基础和应用研究提供物理基础，并加深它们与原子构造之间关系规律的认识。

原子离子激发态的辐射跃迁性质和超精细结构性质是原子体系的重要物理特性，是理解能级跃迁动力学过程和原子结构精密分析的基础，因此始终是原子分子物理领域的重要研究内容之一。本项目运用时间分辨荧光光谱方法和相对论多组态Hartree-Fock理论方法，研究确定了奇核过渡元素一价离子V II、Mn II、Nb II、Ta II、Re II和Ir II的许多高激发态能级的自然辐射寿命、跃迁分支比、跃迁几率和振子强度等辐射跃迁性质参数。运用傅里叶变换光谱方法，研究确定了奇核过渡元素一价离子Sc II、V II、Mn II、Co II、Nb II、Re II和Au II的许多高激发态能级的超精细结构常数和同位素位移。本项目获得了一系列nd原子体系的高激发态辐射跃迁性质和超精细结构的原子数据，研究结果具有较高的可靠性，在很大程度上扩充了过渡元素一价离子的原子结构和光谱数据库，在许多较高的能级区域填补了数据空白。本项目在原子高激发态的辐射跃迁性质和超精细结构研究中取得了重要进展。项目研究成果可为原子物理、天体物理、等离子体物理以及核物理等相关领域的基础和应用基础研究提供重要物理基础，也有助于对nd原子体系高激发态能级的辐射跃迁和超精细结构性质与原子构造之间关系规律的认识。