1,3-diglyceride (1,3-DG) is a kind of healthy fats and the natural content is low. This project aims to use extracellular lipase with Sn-2 positional selectivity from previously screening new strain of Aspergillus niger CCTCC M2012538 to prepare 1,3-diglyceride by high selective hydrolysis. Effects of fermentation conditions, reverse micellar extraction conditions, immobilization conditions by cross-linked enzyme aggregates on the lipase activity and selectivity as well as effects of conditions of molecular distillation on purification of DG were analyzed by means of single factor test, Plackett-Burman (PB) test, rapid high experiment and central composite design. Then, Sn-2 lipase from Aspergillus niger were produced by high density fermentation, purified by acetone precipitation and reverse micellar extraction, and immobilized by cross-linked enzyme aggregates. After that, 1,3-DG were efficiently produecd by construction of hydrolysis system through the immobilized lipase as well as 1,3-DG purified by molecular distillation. Moreover, the selective mechanism of the Sn-2 position lipase was preliminarily analyzed. Therefore, the implementation of the project is helpful to develop a simple, green and economic method to prepare 1,3-diglyceride, and to enrich the theory and practice of Enzymology. The integrated high density fermentation and reverse micellar extraction purification, cross-linked enzyme aggregates immobilization, hydrolysis system optimization and purification by molecular distillation technologies can also provide a reference for the study of other enzymes.
1,3-甘油二酯是一种健康油脂,但天然含量低。本项目拟利用前期筛选的来自新菌株黑曲霉CCTCC M2012538 的胞外Sn-2位选择性的脂肪酶进行水解制备1,3-甘油二酯。拟通过单因素试验、PB试验、快速登高试验和中心组合试验分析发酵条件、反胶团萃取条件、交联酶聚体固定化条件、水解条件对酶活和稳定性的影响规律以及分析分子蒸馏法纯化条件对纯化产物的影响,在此基础上实现黑曲霉Sn-2位脂肪酶的高密度发酵、丙酮沉淀、反胶团萃取纯化及交联酶聚体固定化并构建其催化的水解体系和分子蒸馏纯化产物,实现1,3-甘油二酯的高效制备,而且初步分析此Sn-2位脂肪酶的选择性机制。所以本项目的实施有利于开发一种绿色简单经济制备1,3-甘油二酯的方法,有利于丰富脂肪酶学的理论和实践内容,项目集成的高密度发酵、反胶团萃取纯化、交联酶聚体固定化、水解体系优化技术和分子蒸馏纯化技术,亦可为其它酶的研究提供参考。
由于黑曲霉GZUF36菌株性能发生了退化,导致其脂肪酶酶活降低到几乎检测不出。通过不断调整培养基,获得了产胞外脂肪酶的最佳培养基,并得到最佳培养条件,黑曲霉胞外酶活达到20.6±0.29U/mL。.采用丙酮沉淀和反胶束萃取法相结合对此发酵液中胞外脂肪酶进行分离了纯化。整个过程的纯化倍数达到 10.14。该纯化后的酶经过SDS-PAGE 表征发现可以提纯至电泳纯。. 接着对纯化后的胞外脂肪酶进行酶学性质研究。研究发现胞外脂肪酶的最适温度为 35 ℃,最适 pH为 6.5。Mg2+、Ca2+对脂肪酶活性具有较强的促进作用,而 Zn2+、Mn2+、Al3+具有一定的抑制作用,Fe2+、Cu2+、Ni2+有极强的抑制作用。玉米油、芝麻油、大豆油对脂肪酶酶活力具有极大的促进作用。酶动力学研究发现:该脂肪酶的 Vmax和 Km,分别为 37.17 mM/min 和 9.28 mM。. 制备了海藻酸钠包埋固定化的黑曲霉 GZUF36 胞外脂肪酶。同时制备了黑曲霉 GZUF36 胞外脂肪酶交联酶聚体CLEAs-ANL并研究其性质。 CLEAs-ANL 酶活回收率为 100.3±1.1%,酶活力可达 13.8±0.51 u/ml。CLEAs-ANL 不仅在温度稳定性和 pH 稳定性方面显示出比游离酶更高的稳定性,而且在不同有机溶剂中的耐受性也普遍高于游离酶。该脂肪酶经交联后储藏稳定性得到改善。在操作稳定性方面,CLEAs-ANL在经过 8 次回收利用以后仍保持 34.9%的相对酶活,操作稳定性良好。对游离酶和 CLEAs-ANL 的动力学参数测定表明该脂肪酶经固定化后底物亲和性和最大反应速度降低。.脂肪酶经交联后刚性增强而柔性降低,交联后表明底物分子与酶催化位点更容易接触,这利于反应的进行。交联过程不会对 CLEAs-ANL 在水解反应中的位置选择性产生影响。. 实现了黑曲霉GZUF36细胞外脂肪酶EXANL1的在大肠杆菌的融合表达并进行了纯化和表征重组的EXANL1。.超声波辅助黑曲霉GZUF36胞外脂肪酶合成1,3甘油二酯。超声波辅助在无溶剂体系合成1,3甘油二酯大大减少反应时间,且1,3甘油二酯的含量占比甘油二酯90%(薄层色谱法估计)以上。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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