Water is one of the most important material for human survival and development, which plays a variety of physiological functions for human body. Water has important influences on human health and some diseases. Both inadequate and excess intake of water for human have effect on human health. It has shown that inadequate intake of water has negative effects on cognitive performance in some foreign studies, domestic research in this area was limited. It has found that there had a certain proportion of adults and children with inadequate intake of water in our country by two water-intake surveys. In order to determine the adequate intake of water for young people and to understand the effect of different hydration status on the cognitive ability, first, the water intake related behavior and urine related behavior will be analyzed with the method of cross-sectional survey with 150 health subjects aged at 18~25years old; them, the amount of water intake and the amount of urine intake were measured with the method of 7-days 24-h survey of water intake and 3-days 24-h survey of urine volume, which can help us analyze the relationship between the amount of water intake and urine related indicators (such as urine volume, urine color, urine osmotic pressure, and so on). Then, methods of establishing dehydration model will be explored through different ways of water limitation. Last, the effect of hydration on cognitive performance will be studied with the method of controlled randomized clinical trial with 3 groups (15 subjects in each group). In addition, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) will be used to explore changes in the area of the brain associated with cognitive performance. This study will provide scientific data for the development of water adequate intake in our country, and provide theoretical basis for water-related health education.
水在人体内发挥多种生理功能,对人体的健康和疾病有着至关重要的影响。摄入水分不足或过多都会影响机体健康。国外的研究发现,摄入不足会影响认知能力,国内此方面研究尚少。在我国成年人和儿童中开展的调查发现,我国成年人和儿童中饮水不足占有一定比例。为进一步确定青年人的水适宜摄入量并了解不同饮水量下的水合状态对认知能力的影响,本研究首先选取150名年龄在18~25岁之间的健康青年人,通过问卷调查的方式了解受试对象饮水、排尿知信行情况;再进一步进行7天24小时饮水问卷调查、3天24小时排尿量的横断面调查,分析饮水量和尿液量、尿液指标间的关系;然后通过限制饮水量的方式来探索建立脱水模型的方法,尿液渗透压作为判断指标;最后,采用随机对照研究设计,研究3组(每组15人)不同饮水量干预下的水合状态对认知能力的影响,用磁共振成像(MRI)来探索与认知相关的脑部区域的变化。此研究将为我国水适宜摄入量的制定提供数据,为饮水教育提供理论基础。
水是维护生命和健康不可或缺的物质,对人体健康有着重要的影响。水摄入不足或丢失过多,均可引起体内失水。国外研究结果显示因高温和/或高强度身体活动丢失体重的2%或更多的水时,会引起视觉追踪、短期记忆等下降。有关脱水对认知能力的影响在我国尚未见报道。为进一步分析我国居民饮水行为,探讨水合状态与认知能力的关系及其影响机制,开展此次研究。..本研究包括三个阶段:.第一阶段,饮水行为和水合状态调查。通过横断面调查分析饮水行为、排尿行为以及饮水量和 液指标间的关系。.第二阶段,水合状态对认知能力、脑结构和功能的影响。通过限制饮水量建立脱水模型,采用随机对照研究设计,研究不同补水量对限制饮水12h及36h后认知能力的影响,并使用磁共振成像 (MRI)来研究与认知相关的脑部区域的变化。.第三阶段,饮水模式研究。采用随机对照研究设计,研究不同饮水量、饮水频率干预下的水合状态及认知能力的变化。..(1)调查对象每天总水摄入量、饮水量及食物水摄入量分别为2373mL、1135mL、1173mL,仅有19.9%、18.6%调查对象每天总水摄入量、饮水量达到我国水适宜摄入量。.(2)脱水12h饮水干预后,调查对象水合状态、渴觉、愤怒、疲劳、情绪纷乱的总分(TMD)、心算广度得分变化趋势不同(P<0.05)。脱水36h后,调查对象均处于脱水状态(尿液渗透压为1094mOsm/kg),渴觉上升;疲劳、TMD上升(3.6 vs 4.8,P=0.004;95.7 vs 101.8,P<0.001),精力、自我感受下降(11.8 vs 9.2,P<0.001;7.8 vs 6.4,P<0.001),人像特点得分下降(34 vs 27,P<0.001)。饮水干预后,调查对象水合状态、渴觉、疲劳、精力及TMD、符号搜索、心算广度得分变化趋势不同(P<0.05)。.(3)饮水组1、饮水组2及饮水组3基线脱水比例均超过20%(20.7%、28.1%、29.0%)。饮水干预后,与饮水组1比较,饮水组2精力、人像特点得分较低,TMD较高(P<0.05),饮水组3人像特点得分较低(P<0.05)。..科学意义.(1)为提高人群对水合状态与健康重要性的认识提供科学依据。.(2)形成了长、短期脱水模型建立的方法,为今后相关研究提供可靠方法。.(3)得出最适宜饮水模式,为《中国居民膳食指南》中饮水模式的推荐提供科学证据。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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