奇时间协变密度泛函理论对形变晕核的研究

The exotic nucleus with unusual N/Z ratio has become one of the most important frontiers with the new generation of radioactive beam facilities under operation or construction (or to be constructed) and the detectors upgraded. The discovery of the halo nuclei shakes the basic assumption about nuclear incompressibility and provides the umprecedented tests and challenges for the traditional nuclear theories. Covariant density functional theory (CDFT) has achieved great successes in describing lots of nuclear phenomena in both stable and exotic nuclei and becomes one of the most effective microscopic tools for the nuclear halo phenomena. Based on the current research status and also the applicants’ achievements and expertise, the present project is proposed to investigate the following topics of deformed halo nuclei with newly developed time-odd CDFT: deformed halo phenomena in odd-nucleon system, where the formation mechanism and spatial distribution property of odd-nucleon deformed halo and the influence of blocking effect and time-odd field on halo structure will be focused on; medium-heavy halo nuclei (including even-even, odd-even and odd-odd nuclei), where the systematical calculation will be carried out and the structure and spatial distribution of these deformed neutron halos will be also discussed systematically. In summary, this project aims to interpret odd-nucleon deformed halo phenomenon microscopically and self-consistently, provide the possible deformed halo nuclei in medium-heavy mass area systematically, and finally understand the halo phenomena in exotic nuclei better.

新一代放射性核束装置的不断兴建、运行及探测设备的升级，促使远离β稳定线的奇特原子核成为了核物理研究的热点问题之一。其中，晕核的发现动摇了核物质不可压缩的基本假设，对传统核物理理论提供了全新的检验和挑战。协变密度泛函理论在原子核结构研究中取得了很大成功，是描述晕现象最有效的微观方法之一。本项目结合当前国内外的研究现状和申请人的工作基础，基于最新发展的奇时间协变密度泛函理论，对形变晕核进行研究，主要内容包括：深入研究奇核子体系中的形变晕现象，重点探讨奇核子形变晕的产生机制与空间分布性质，分析堵塞与奇时间场效应对晕结构的影响；系统研究中重质量核区的丰中子形变晕核（包括偶偶核、奇偶核以及奇奇核），考察其形状效应及能级结构性质。通过本项目的研究，将为奇核子形变晕现象提供一种微观、自洽的解释，系统给出可能的中重质量形变晕核，进一步加深对奇特晕现象的理解。

新一代放射性核束装置的不断兴建、运行及探测设备的升级，促使远离beta稳定线的奇特原子核成为了核物理研究的热点问题之一。晕核的发现动摇了核物质不可压缩的基本假设，对传统核物理理论提供了全新的检验和挑战。本项目利用奇时间协变密度泛函理论，对形变晕核开展了相关研究。经过本项目的研究，给出了奇核子形变晕现象的一种微观、自洽的解释，加深了对奇核子晕产生机制的了解，明确了堵塞与奇时间场效应对晕结构的影响，预言了中重质量区可能的形变晕核。本项目主要研究内容包括：.（1）研究了奇核子体系中的形变晕现象研究，发现弱束缚的s、p轨道上的价中子对中子晕的形成及其空间分布起关键作用：s、p1/2轨道对晕的空间分布的贡献是球形的，p3/2(m=1/2)分量的贡献是长椭球形的，p3/2(m=3/2)分量的贡献是扁椭球形的。.（2）研究了堵塞与奇时间场效应对晕结构的影响，发现堵塞效应有助于中子晕形成，奇时间场能够在对中子晕分布影响不大的情况下，有助于晕核稳定的存在。.（3）系统计算了中重质量（10≤Z≤50）核的基态性质，预言了可能中子晕核，分析了形变晕现象的形成机制。