暗光两步法生物制氢调控机理及能量梯级耦合特性研究

In order to seek the optimal coupling process parameters when combined dark and photo fermentative bio-hydrogen production process, the regulation mechanism of process parameters and operation methods in each stage in the process of two-step dark-photo combined fermentative bio-hydrogen production process when using biomass as raw material will be studied. The law for collaborative bio-hydrogen production by two-step dark-photo combined fermentative pathway will be proposed, and the efficient connection mode in the process of two-step dark-photo combined fermentative bio-hydrogen production will be established. From the perspective of the thermal and mass transfer, the thermal-mass transmission and its coupling characteristic will be investigated. The thermal-mass transmission behaviors and the regulation theory of the light and heat step supply during the dark fermentation stage and photo fermentation stage will be investigated. The heat mass transfer model of the two-step dark-photo fermentative bio-hydrogen production multiphase flow system will be established, the high efficiency, energy conservation and low energy consumption bio-hydrogen production system will be built. These findings will provide the theoretical foundation for the realization of the industrial application of green environmental protection biological hydrogen production system.

本项目主要研究以生物质为原料进行暗光两步法生物制氢时的最佳暗发酵制氢和光发酵制氢耦合工艺特性，揭示暗光两步法生物制氢的协同产氢规律，探索暗光两步法生物制氢过程中的高效衔接模式。并利用传热传质学方法研究暗光两步法生物制氢过程的热质传输及耦合特性，提出暗发酵制氢阶段和光发酵制氢阶段之间的热质传输行为及光能、热能的梯级配给调控理论，建立生物质暗光两步法生物制氢系统的热质传输模型和低能耗运行方法，为绿色生物制氢系统的工业化应用提供科学参考。

项目主要研究了以生物质为原料的暗光两步法生物制氢耦合工艺特性及其高效衔接模式，揭示了暗光两步法生物制氢过程中细菌生长和协同产氢机理，阐释了暗光两步法生物制氢工艺的多相流热质传输规律，提出了暗光两步法生物制氢过程的梯级能量配给模式及能量最优化传递理论。结果表明（1）适宜的生物质预处理条件可以增大产氢基质的表面积和孔隙率，降低活化能，从而提高产氢潜能。（2）暗发酵尾液中的氨根离子浓度、悬浮物、碳氮比、有机质含量等暗光两步发酵的过渡态条件是影响其进行光发酵产氢的主要因素，且对光发酵制氢过程中的底物能量流向具有显著影响。（3）利用暗发酵尾液进行光合制氢时的最佳光照强度为3500lux和最佳接种量为20%。（4）通过添加L-半胱氨酸等可以促进胞外聚合物的分泌，提高固氮酶活性和增加光合细菌的絮凝性，从而增加产氢量。（5）采用振荡等外源扰动方式可以有效强化生物制氢过程，提高产氢速率和产氢量。该项目解决了暗光两步法生物制氢耦合工艺强化的关键科学问题，可为生物质高效梯级利用的绿色生物制氢系统的工业化应用提供科学参考。