斜盘轴向柱塞泵马达微观织构配流副热-流-固耦合润滑机理研究

The future direction of the swash plate axial piston pump/motor is the direction of a high-speed and high-pressure technology, however, the port plate is the key to restrict the development of the key friction pair, and improving the efficiency and life of the valve plate is the key point. The project machines micro-hemispherical texture on the top and bottom dead zone on the valve plate of swash plate axial piston pump/motor using surface formation and texture technology, in order to low friction and optimize the force of swash plate axial piston pump/motor cylinder block; Through using the theory of elastic hydrodynamic lubrication and heat transfer theory, the coupling control equation is derived , furthermore, the thermo-hydro-mechanical coupled mathematic model of micro-hemispherical texture valve plate frictional pair wedge oil film will be established, and numerical calculation and analysis will be carried out; On the basis of operation and structure parameters of the micro-hemispherical texture valve plate frictional pair wedge oil film on swash plate axial piston pump/motor, and adopting the engineering language programming to carry out numerical calculation, the influencing factors of the lubricating film load capacity on the swash plate axial piston pump micro-hemispherical texture valve plate frictional pair will be analysed; Based on the principle of minimum power loss constraint function, the structure parameters of the micro-hemispherical texture on the port plate of the swash plate axial piston pump/motor will be optimized; The behavior of micro-hemispherical texture valve plate frictional pair wedge oil film will be investigated, and the effect of structure parameters of micro-hemispherical texture on the friction reduction will be conducted. As a whole, the research achievements of this project could push forward the design and development of high-speed and high-pressure technology for the swash plate axial piston pump/motor, which could provide theory foundation and technology support.

斜盘轴向柱塞泵马达未来的发展方向是高速高压化，而配流副是制约其发展的关键摩擦副之一，提高配流副的使用寿命及总效率是关键问题。本项目运用表面成形与织构技术，尝试在斜盘轴向柱塞泵马达配流盘上下死点区域加工球冠形微观织构以减摩提效；运用弹性流体动力润滑理论及传热学理论，通过推导耦合控制方程，建立球冠形微观织构配流副楔形油膜热流固耦合数学模型并进行试验验证；依据斜盘轴向柱塞泵马达球冠形微观织构配流副工况及结构参数等边界条件，采用工程语言编程，进行数值计算，分析斜盘轴向柱塞泵马达球冠形微观织构配流副油膜负载能力的影响因素；基于最小功率损失约束函数原理，优化斜盘轴向柱塞泵马达球冠形微观织构结构参数；揭示斜盘轴向柱塞泵马达球冠形微观织构配流副滑润规律，阐明斜盘轴向柱塞泵马达球冠形微观织构配流副减摩机理。本项目研究成果可以为高速高压化斜盘轴向柱塞泵马达的设计研发，提供理论基础和技术支持。

斜盘轴向柱塞泵配流副是影响其寿命的关键摩擦副，本课题研究配流副微观织构热-流-固耦合润滑机理。在配流副表面加工微观织构可以降低其摩擦系数、提高油膜支撑力，减小磨损，改善润滑性能。油膜温度分布是影响柱塞泵配流副润滑性能的重要因素，能显著的改变液压油的粘度，进而影响压力分布和油膜承载力。为改善柱塞泵配流副的流体润滑特性，需要研究微观织构配流副的热-流-固耦合对配流副油膜润滑特性的影响，本课题通过理论计算和仿真相结合，系统研究了配流副不同工况下的润滑特性。.本课题建立斜盘轴向柱塞泵配流副的数学模型，利用有限差分法与超松弛迭代法，计算倾斜缸体配流副油膜控制方程、压力控制方程，发现油膜承载力及偏载力矩随高压油口压力变化趋势与不同工况参数下的油膜压力等变化趋势；研究微观织构结构参数对配流副润滑性能的影响；计算了微观织构配流副油膜温度分布；分析微观织构配流副热-流-固耦合润滑性能。.研究表明：由于配流副工作过程中存在高低压腔，缸体相对配流盘倾斜，配流副缸体在高速高压旋转的情况下会形成热-流-固耦合下的流体动压效应。进油口压力增大，油膜承载力、偏转力矩随之增大；随缸体转速、斜角、润滑油粘度、初始油膜厚度等参数变化，配流副油膜压力、油膜承载力、偏转力矩、摩擦力、摩擦力矩、摩擦系数等性能参数随之发生明显变化；不同微观织构参数对配流副的润滑性能具有不同的影响，合理设计微观织构参数可以提高配流副热-流-固耦合下的润滑性能，存在最优的微观织构使配流副热-流-固耦合下的润滑性能最佳。