西南喀斯特洼地裂隙分布特征物理解析及水流数值模拟研究

The analysis of fracture characteristics (such as the crack length, width, direction and connectivity, etc.) and hydraulic characteristics, as well as the simulation of water flow are the scientific problems need to solve in karst hydrology. At present, there is lack of the scientific description of fracture distribution and simulation of multi-fracture flow in karst depression. This project selects a typical karst depression in southwest China for the study, and it is focus on the fracture characteristics and the flow movement. Based on the detail survey of fracture in field, the integrated use of indoor and outdoor hydrogeological experiment and geophysical exploration method will be carried out for improving the precision of fracture characteristics and distribution analysis. Based on percolation theory, the analysis method of connectivity for 3-d fracture net will be developed. And the mathematical expression of effective permeability will be found considering the fracture characteristics and connectivity. According to the mathematical formula, distribution of permeability will be quantified. Combined with indoor and outdoor test and observation, based on the characteristic of fracture and connectivity, the simulation method of multi-fracture flow in karst depression will be founded. This project will improve the karst hydrology and also can provide scientific basis for the hydrological process research in karst area.

岩溶裂隙特性（裂隙长度、宽度、走向、连通性等）以及水力特性分析与水流动态模拟是喀斯特水文学研究中迫切需要解决的科学问题。目前针对喀斯特洼地裂隙空间分布特征的科学描述与不同形态裂隙水流的模拟方法尚且缺乏。本项目以我国西南典型喀斯特洼地裂隙及其水流为研究对象，开展裂隙发育特征的野外详细勘测，综合运用室内外水文地质实验及地球物理勘测方法，提高流域尺度岩溶裂隙发育及分布特征定量分析精度。基于逾渗理论，建立三维随机裂隙网络连通性分析方法，构建考虑裂隙特征及其网络连通性的裂隙网络有效渗透性的数学表述，定量描述裂隙介质渗透性空间分布特征。结合室内外试验与观测，建立基于裂隙特征及其连通性的喀斯特洼地不同裂隙水流运动耦合模拟方法，完善和发展喀斯特水文学理论，为喀斯特地区水文过程研究提供科学依据。

岩溶裂隙特性（裂隙长度、宽度、走向、连通性等）以及水力特性分析与水流动态模拟是喀斯特水文学研究中迫切需要解决的科学问题。目前针对喀斯特洼地裂隙空间分布特征的科学描述与不同形态裂隙水流的模拟方法尚且缺乏。本项目以我国西南典型喀斯特洼地裂隙及其水流为研究对象，开展了裂隙发育特征的野外详细勘测，综合运用室内外水文地质实验及地球物理勘测方法，提高了流域尺度岩溶裂隙发育及分布特征定量分析精度；基于现代勘测技术与同位素技术，建立了三维裂隙网络连通性分析方法，构建考虑裂隙特征及其网络连通性的喀斯特三维水文地质结构；结合室内外试验与观测，建立基于裂隙特征及其连通性的喀斯特洼地不同裂隙水流运动耦合模拟方法；建立了喀斯特流域水流与氢氧同位素耦合的流域示踪水文模型，在此基础上阐明了喀斯特流域运移时间、蓄量、水文连通性的时空变化特征及其影响因素。该项目的研究完善和发展了喀斯特水文学理论，为喀斯特地区水文过程研究提供科学依据。