广西甘蔗根际土壤丛枝菌根真菌多样性研究

Guangxi is the largest sugarcane growing area in China, the soils of sugarcane are seriously acidificated, nutrition is imbalanced and physical features are deteriorated due to continuous croping. These factors including drought are the main limitations for sugarcane production. Research has proven that Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) benefits plants by improving nutrient acquisition (especially phosphorus) and tolerance to environmental stresses. However, no report has been found about research on AMF resources related to sugarcane in China. This proposal focuses on the diversity of AMF communities in the soils and sugarcane roots. In this research proposal, rhizosphere soils and roots of sugarcane would be taken from different types of soils in sugarcane growing areas in Guangxi. AMF would be identified/quantified by morphology of their soil-borne spores and molecular method, and the basic biology of AMF diversity in sugarcane soils and seasonal dynamics on AMF distributions would be investigated. Assessments of AMF colonization and infection in roots would be done to elaborate the characteristic of AMF in roots of sugarcane in different soil styles, and to analyze the effects of soil styles on AMF diversity by soil physical and chemical property. Finally, the basic biology of AMF diversity in sugarcane soils and roots, and the factors that affect the AMF communities would be illustrated, in order to provide reference for further AMF utilization in sugarcane cultivation, to increase the resistance of sugarcane plants to abiotic stress and improve the efficiency of fertilizer application.

广西是我国最大的甘蔗种植区，干旱和长期单一连作引致土壤退化，已成为制约甘蔗产业发展的主要问题之一。丛枝菌根(AM)真菌能促进宿主对水分和养分（特别是磷）的吸收和利用，促进土壤生态系统的良性循环。目前尚未见有关甘蔗根际土壤AM真菌多样性研究的报导。本项目是在我们对甘蔗根际土壤AM真菌初步调查的基础上，拟系统采集广西甘蔗不同土壤类型的根际土壤和甘蔗根系，通过形态学鉴定和分子生物学辅助技术，鉴定AM真菌种类，以了解广西甘蔗根际土壤AM真菌多样性、种群分布及其季节性演变规律，了解新植及多年宿根蔗土壤中AM真菌种群变化规律，以及分析土壤理化性质了解土壤条件对AM真菌多样性的影响。本项目通过对广西甘蔗根际土壤AM真菌多样性的研究，将揭示广西甘蔗AM真菌的种类、优势种群及分布特点，以及不同土壤类型AM真菌的侵染特点，为进一步利用AM真菌提高甘蔗抗逆性和土壤养分的利用率提供理论依据。

广西是我国最大的甘蔗种植区，干旱和长期单一连作引致土壤退化，已成为制约甘蔗产业发展的主要问题之一。丛枝菌根(AM)真菌能促进宿主对水分和养分（特别是磷）的吸收和利用，促进土壤生态系统的良性循环。项目在我们原有研究的基础上，系统采集了广西甘蔗不同土壤类型的根际土壤和甘蔗根系，通过形态学鉴定和分子生物学辅助技术，鉴定AM真菌种类，了解广西甘蔗根际土壤AM真菌多样性、种群分布及其季节性演变规律，了解新植及多年宿根蔗土壤中AM真菌种群变化规律，阐明土壤理化性质了解土壤条件对AM真菌多样性的影响；也开展了AM真菌应用大田试验示范。项目通过对广西甘蔗根际土壤AM真菌多样性的研究，揭示广西甘蔗AM真菌的种类、优势种群及分布特点，以及不同土壤类型AM真菌的侵染特点，为进一步利用AM真菌提高甘蔗抗逆性和土壤养分的利用率提供理论依据。