新型多级泵叶轮-导叶耦合流场结构与能量转换机理研究

Multistage pump is the critical equipment to provide high-head and high-pressure liquid. Studying the multistage pump internal flow structure and energy conversion mechanism has great significance for improving the multistage pump hydraulic efficiency, as well as for promoting the energy conservation and emission reduction strategies. This project studies the new type multistage pump, which has the energy and material saving characteristics. By combining with large-eddy simulation, PIV measurement and high accuracy pressure measurement, the parallel vector method is used to research the internal fluid particle vortex trajectory of new type multistage pump. In order to obtain the vorticity distribution characteristics on different flow surface and reveal the impeller-diffuser coupling vortex motion law, the vortex diagnostic method is established by characterizing the flow structure through boundary vorticity flow and enstrophy. Vorticity moment theory and finite field theory are used to analyze the impact of geometry parameters of impeller-diffuser on impeller blade loads and hydraulic efficiency. The relationship between the geometry parameters of impeller-diffuser and energy conversion characteristics and the matching relations are established based on the multi-disciplinary optimization method. The project aims to reveal the impeller-diffuser couplling flow structure features of new type multistage pump and establish the diagnostic method to analyze within the energy conversion mechanism. This project provides a theoretical basis for improving the design method of the new type multistage pump.

多级泵是提供高扬程、高压力液体的关键设备，研究多级泵内部流场结构和能量转换机理，对于提高多级泵水力效率，推进节能减排战略具有重要意义。本项目对具有节能节材特性的新型多级泵进行研究，结合大涡模拟、PIV测量和高精度压力测量，采用平行矢量法研究新型多级泵内部流体质点涡运动轨迹，获得不同流面环量、涡量分布特征，揭示叶轮-导叶耦合流场空间旋涡运动规律，建立通过边界涡量流和拟涡能表征流动结构的诊断方法。采用涡量矩理论和有限域理论，分析叶轮-导叶几何参数对叶轮叶片载荷和水力效率的影响规律。基于多学科优化建立叶轮-导叶几何参数与能量转换特性的映射关系，探寻斜切式叶轮斜切量与三维曲面反导叶进口曲面形状的匹配关系。本项目旨在研究新型多级泵叶轮-导叶耦合流场的结构特征并建立诊断方法，揭示新型多级泵内部能量转换机理，为完善新型多级泵设计方法提供理论基础。

多级泵是提供高扬程、高压力液体的关键设备，研究多级泵内部流场结构和能量转换机理，对于提高多级泵水力效率，推进节能减排战略具有重要意义。项目综合精细数值仿真、PIV测量和压力同步测量的方法，分别从能量特性的外部特征，涡量场分布、压力变化的内部特征对叶轮-导叶耦合流场的影响进行深入分析。采用平行矢量法分析耦合流场的涡结构，分析新型多级泵叶轮-导叶耦合流场旋涡流动的分布，建立通过边界涡量流和拟涡能等涡量场参数表征旋涡流动的诊断方法，探寻产生不良流动的根源，找到多级泵设计的缺陷部位，为提高和改善多级泵的设计性能和实际运行性能提供判定准则。构建叶轮出口到导叶进口涡量场分布的数学模型，建立叶轮-导叶几何参数与能量转换特性的映射关系，为完善新型多级泵设计方法、进一步提高多级泵性能提供理论依据。.在研究成果方面，项目研制出了系列具有自主知识产权的低成本低能耗新型井用潜水泵，产品功率曲线平坦，效率高，高效范围宽，单级扬程平均比国内外同类产品及国家标准高15%～50%，综合技术指标达到国际领先水平。开发的产品经国内外用户使用，实用性强，深受用户好评，取得了显著的经济和社会效益，促进了行业的发展和技术进步，具有广阔的推广应用前景。项目成果荣获了2015年国家科技进步二等奖。