石墨烯/聚苯胺复合纤维的可控组装及全固态柔性超级电容器的构建

On basis of wet-spinning technology, this proposal aims to assemble graphene/polyaniline hybrid conductive fiber with controllable microstructure and excellent mechanical performance by regulating graphene oxide based spinning solution, coagulation bath, reduction method and other primary parameters, and the fabrication of an all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor with excellent electrochemical performance based on the spun hybrid fiber electrode is also an objective in this proposal. The electrochemical parameters, including specific capacitance, cyclic life, rate performance, power density, energy density and etc., of the flexible supercapacitor are systematically investigated, and the relationship between these electrochemical parameters and the microstructure of the fiber electrode is studied. In order to enhance the electrochemical performance of the supercapacitor, the wet-spinning procedure of the hybrid fiber and the fabrication process of the flexible supercapacitor are improved. The implementation of this proposal can provide experimental and theoretical support for controllable assembly and microstructure regulation of graphene-based fibers, and is also of important scientific research significance and real application value for exploiting graphene-based advanced materials and developing flexible energy storage devices.

基于湿法纺丝技术，本项目旨在通过调控纺丝原液的组成和性质、凝固浴配方、还原处理方式等主要制备参数，组装出微观结构可控、力学性能优良的石墨烯/聚苯胺复合导电纤维，并基于复合纤维电极构建出电化学性能优良的全固态柔性超级电容器。系统考察柔性超级电容器的电化学性能，研究复合纤维电极的微观结构对柔性超级电容器的电化学比容量、循环寿命、倍率性能、功率密度、能量密度等电化学性能参数的影响。优化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合导电纤维的湿法纺丝技术，改进柔性超级电容器的设计和构建工艺，提高超级电容器的电化学性能。本项目的实施将为石墨烯基纤维材料的可控组装、微观织构调控等提供实验和理论支持，对于开发石墨烯基新材料以及发展柔性储能器件具有重要的科学研究意义和实际应用价值。

可穿戴电子产品越来越受到人们的青睐，相应地，能源储存与转化器件也正朝向轻质化、柔性化发展。本项目基于湿法纺丝技术，采用氧化石墨烯作为制备石墨烯材料的前驱体，并在纺丝过程中引入聚苯胺前驱体或者聚苯胺纳米材料，通过调控纺丝原液的组成和性质、凝固浴配方、还原处理方式等主要制备参数，成功制得了微观结构可控、力学性能优良的石墨烯/聚苯胺复合导电纤维；利用该复合纤维作为活性电极材料，采用聚合物凝胶电解质PVA/H2SO4，构建出了石墨烯/聚苯胺复合纤维基全固态柔性超级电容器。采用电化学工作站、蓝电测试系统综合考察了该全固态柔性超级电容器的电化学性能，研究复合纤维电极的微观结构对柔性超级电容器的电化学比容量、循环寿命、倍率性能、功率密度、能量密度等电化学性能参数的影响，研究结果表明通过非原位法所获得的石墨烯/聚苯胺复合纤维具有最优的电化学性能，其体积比电容高达330 F cm-3，在199 mW cm-3时能量密度可达29 mWh cm-3。通过采用石墨烯纤维、石墨烯/聚苯胺复合纤维作为活性电极构建非对称超级电容器，实现了更高能量密度（38mWh cm-3）的获得。本项目的实施将为石墨烯基纤维材料的可控组装、微观织构调控等提供实验和理论支持，对于开发石墨烯基新材料以及发展高性能柔性储能器件具有重要的科学研究意义和实际应用价值。