典型自然景区旅游驱动下大气多环芳烃的污染特征与形成机理

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a large group of chemicals with 2 to 7 fused aromatic rings. Some PAHs are well known as carcinogens, mutagens and teratogens and therefore pose a serious threat to the health and well-being of humans. PAHs are released into the environment from both natural and anthropogenic sources. The widespread occurrence of PAHs is due to their production by virtually all types of combustion of organic materials. Human tourism activities maybe contribute to the natural budget of the PAHs inventory by more vehicle and cooking exhaust during holiday periods. In order to understand the influence on PAHs in the natural scenic spot atmosphere by human tourism activities, the fundamental knowledge of the pollution characteristics and spatial-temporal evolution of PAHs with high temporal resolution is clearly necessary. In this project, a novel method will be provided to obtain the hourly average fluctuation data of PAHs concentrations. On this basis, We think that the nonlinear approach, including detrended cross-correlation analysis (DCCA) and sliding window methods in time series, can help to illuminate the influence on PAHs in the natural scenic spot atmosphere by human tourism activities. In order to achieve the goal, a systematic atmospheric sampling process of PAHs will be carried out in the Tianmenshan National Forest Park. The PAHs concentrations, the compound compositions of the atmospheric gaseous and particulate phase PAHs will be measured. The potential sources will be identified by the source apportionment methods of atmospheric PAHs. Then, the relationships between PAHs time series in the city and natural scenic spot will be analyzed by DCCA and sliding window methods. Some nonlinear correlation parameters and their temporal evolutions will be quantified. And the transport and differentiation of PAHs in air will be described accurately by some nonlinear parameters. At last, the vertical belt distribution of the dry and wet deposition of PAHs will be collected by season for a year. Further, the dynamic impact mechanism of human tourism activities on the atmosphere PAHs will be discussed. The research results will accumulate important basic information for atmosphere PAHs at Wuling mountain region. The research will provide a new avenue of research to assess the transport and differentiation of PAHs in air and the impact of human tourism activities on natural scenic quantitatively.

由于人类短时限、高强度的旅游活动干扰，使得化石燃料、餐饮油烟、机动车尾气等排放增加，导致大量多环芳烃(PAHs)进入自然景区。自然景区大气PAHs的污染特征及迁移转化如何对旅游驱动作出动态响应？对此问题认识甚少。本项目拟以典型旅游城市张家界为研究区域，定量解析城区大气PAHs污染特征及各污染源贡献率；设计高时间分辨率大气PAHs监测程序，基于去趋势互相关分析方法和滑移窗口技术，通过研究典型节假日前后城区与自然景区大气PAHs间非线性互相关结构的演化，揭示旅游驱动下短时限产生的PAHs在城区和景区大气中的传输与分异，阐明景区大气PAHs对短时限、高强度旅游干扰的动态响应机制；最后观测旅游驱动下景区大气PAHs干湿沉降的海拔梯度分布及通量，分析其季节变化规律。项目将丰富PAHs迁移过程的研究方法，深化对旅游驱动下PAHs污染形成机理的认识，并为定量评估旅游活动对自然景区的环境影响提供科学依据。

由于人类短时限、高强度的旅游活动干扰，使得化石燃料、餐饮油烟、机动车尾气等排放增加，导致大量多环芳烃(PAHs)进入自然景区。自然景区大气PAHs的污染特征及迁移转化如何对旅游驱动作出动态响应？对此问题认识甚少。本项目以典型旅游城市张家界为研究区域，定量解析城区大气PAHs污染特征及各污染源贡献率；设计高时间分辨率大气PAHs监测程序，基于去趋势互相关分析方法和滑移窗口技术，通过研究典型节假日前后城区与自然景区大气PAHs间非线性互相关结构的演化，揭示旅游驱动下短时限产生的PAHs在城区和景区大气中的传输与分异，阐明景区大气PAHs对短时限、高强度旅游干扰的动态响应机制；最后观测旅游驱动下景区大气PAHs干湿沉降的非线性规律。研究成果为探索PAHs迁移过程提供新的研究方法和途径，并深化对旅游驱动下PAHs污染形成机理的认识，并为定量评估旅游活动对自然景区的环境影响提供科学依据。在本项目资助下，相关研究在国内外重要学术期刊和会议发表论文8篇，其中SCI论文5篇、国内核心期刊3篇，出版学术专著1部，获得国家发明专利4项。指导毕业硕士研究生2人。本项目严格按照研究计划，圆满完成了本项目的各项研究内容，并得到了满意的研究结论，获得远超过预期的研究成果，实现了预期的研究目标。