基于构件的软件开发中构件选择与集成优化方法研究

In Component-based Software Development (CBSD), it needs to select appropriate components for each software module. Selecting the appropriate set of components to make the system meeting functional and non-functional requirements plays a crucial role throughout the entire development process. In the light of the interaction of different stage in software life cycle, in this research, an optimization method is proposed to perform the optimal selection of software components considered the various integration requirements. A scenario scheme for identifying alternative industry reuse scenarios from different sources of reusable component is involved in optimization method. According to the scenario, it helps decision-maker selecting the optimal software components with consideration of the overall process, e.g. modularization design, task assignment and production strategy. For the different stage requirements of the integrated optimization, we're focusing on models and algorithms for optimization problem within three aspects as follows: 1) an integrated model for software component selection with simultaneous consideration of implementation and test assignment; 2) Integrated configuration of modularization and component selection; 3) Joint decisions in product development strategy and component selection. Based on the characteristics of the models and the optimization mechanism, Heuristics are developed to solve the models. Simulations of varying sizes for problems and sensitivity analyses are conducted as the standard for comparisons, and the results indicate models'applicability. This research is not only extending component selection from implementation to test assignment, but also extending to the stage of modularization and product development strategy. Based on the above studies, it makes CBSD development activities closely rely on component selection to solve the component selection effectively, and it also provides methods and techniques for CBSD development more efficiently.

本项研究旨在面向基于构件的软件开发过程（CBSD）中不同阶段构件选择集成优化的现实需求，从软件生命周期各阶段相互影响的视角，研究针对不同来源构件、多种不同复用模式（情景）下的构件选择优化问题，建立考虑模块化设计因素（如模块兼容性等）的构件选择优化模型；考虑构件并行开发因素（如任务指派等）的构件选择优化模型、考虑产品开发策略设计因素（如交付时间等）的构件选择优化模型。针对模型特点及优化原理，设计相应的求解算法，分析算法和模型的适用性。该项研究将原有仅在实施阶段考虑的构件选择问题延伸到开发任务指派层面，也扩展到上游的业务模块设计阶段和下游的产品规划设计阶段。研究成果不仅在理论上解决构件选择的集成优化问题，而且为软件开发企业实施CBSD开发软件产品提供理论、方法与技术支持。

经过三年的实施，本项目按照预定计划，圆满完成了申请书中的各项研究任务，并加深拓展了对其相关问题的研究。项目围绕基于构件的软件开发过程（CBSD）中不同阶段构件选择集成优化的现实需求开展研究。研究工作总体围绕五个方面进行：基于复用模式的构件选择过程建模方法研究、面向模块层的模块化设计与构件选择的优化模型与方法研究、面向模块层的构件选择的优化模型与算例比较分析研究、面向产品层的产品开发策略与构件选择的优化模型与方法研究、将软件系统的构件复用理论拓展到一般产品系统的研究。针对上述五个方面项目组有计划地开展了一系列研究工作，所取得的研究成果不仅在理论上表明将原有仅在实施阶段考虑的构件选择问题延伸到开发任务指派层面，也扩展到上游的业务模块设计阶段和下游的产品规划设计阶段可操作性，而且为软件开发企业实施CBSD开发软件产品提供理论、方法与技术支持。.基于以上研究，项目执行期内负责人以第一作者将研究成果在SCI/SSCI检索国际期刊《OMEGA - International Journal of Management Science》、《International Journal of Production Research》、《International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making》上发表各1篇，CSSCI检索源期刊《中国管理科学》录用1篇。获得中国科学院科学出版基金资助专著1部。另有2篇英文文章和1篇中文文章处于投稿或修改阶段。项目实施期间，项目组共有3人次赴美国、日本等地参加国际学术会议及进行学术访问交流；同时接待来自美国、日本、英国、加拿大等一流大学和研究机构的学者来访4人次。