掺杂碳纳米复合材料的制备及其用于氧还原反应的研究

It is very important to study the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, most of the ORR catalysts are based on noble metals such as Pt and Pd which suffer from very limited supply and high cost. Recently, significant advances have begun to move to design and synthesize non-noble metal electrocatalysts as alternatives. The N, Fe doped carbon nanocomposites have exhibited excellent catalytic performances for ORR in alkaline solution, nevertheless, the catalytic activity in acidic solution still need to be improved. In addition, it is not very clear about the mechanism of ORR. We hope the codoped porous carbon nanocomposites can be synthesized by different methods with different raw materials which are cost-effective and environment-friendly such as melamine, aniline, cysteine, phytic acid, etc. The performances of the catalysts can be further improved by pretreatments such as high temperature pyrolysis, hydrothermal method, or etching with strong acid or base. We will explore the possibility of controllable synthesis of the doped carbon nanomaterials, for example, the chainmail for catalysts. The mechanism of ORR should be studied by analysis of the controlled test and selection of suitable probes. The results should improve the activity and stability of the catalysts in acidic solution, and promote the applications of the catalysts in dissolved oxygen sensor, electrochemical sensor, fuel cell, etc.

研究氧还原反应(ORR)具有重要意义，但大多数的ORR催化剂都基于价格昂贵、储量有限的贵金属铂、钯，限制了其应用。掺杂碳纳米材料大多基于氮、过渡金属等掺杂，在碱性条件下表现出良好的催化性能，但酸性条件下的催化性能还有待于提高，且对ORR催化机理阐述还不清楚。申请人希望采用三聚氰胺、苯胺、半胱氨酸、植酸等含C、N、S、P的成本低、环境友好的原材料，用硝酸铁、醋酸钴等处理后进行高温热解或水热处理、强酸或强碱刻蚀等，制备多孔的穿“铠甲”的双掺杂的碳纳米复合材料，探索其可控合成的可能性。通过对比试验、采用合适的探针分子等研究其ORR催化机理，从而提高其在酸性环境下的活性与稳定性等，在有效降低催化剂的用量的情况下提高其催化性能，促进其在溶解氧传感器、电化学传感器、燃料电池等领域的应用。

研究氧还原反应(ORR)具有重要意义，但大多数的ORR催化剂都基于价格昂贵、储量有限的贵金属铂、钯，限制了其应用。掺杂碳纳米材料大多基于氮、过渡金属等掺杂，在碱性条件下表现出良好的催化性能，但酸性条件下的催化性能还有待于提高，且对ORR催化机理阐述还不清楚。申请人采用了三聚氰胺、苯胺、半胱氨酸、植酸等含C、N、S、P的成本低、环境友好的原材料，用硝酸铁、醋酸钴等处理后进行高温热解或水热处理、强酸或强碱刻蚀等，制备多孔的穿“铠甲”的双掺杂的碳纳米复合材料，探索了其可控合成的新方法。通过对比试验、采用合适的探针分子等研究其ORR催化机理，从而提高其在酸性环境下的活性与稳定性等，在有效降低催化剂的用量的情况下提高其催化性能，促进其在溶解氧传感器、电化学传感器、燃料电池等领域的应用。