无机纳米粒子-金属有机骨架化合物核壳纳米结构的制备及性能研究

Inorganic nanoparticles exhibit unique optical, electrical, magnetic, mechanical and catalytic properties owing to high specific surface area and strong quantum confinement effect, which offer broad research and application prospects in many fields such as physics, biology, chemistry and materials science. However, it is well known that free inorganic nanoparticles have high surface energies and tend to aggregate and fuse, and thus the intriguing properties registered in the nanoparticles are degraded or even disappeared, leading to difficulty in long-term storage, processing and applications. So, it is imperative to develop novel strategies to stabilize inorganic nanoparticles. In this project, metal-organic frameworks will be selected as a coating layer to stabilize inorganic nanoparticles. Core-shell inorganic-nanoparticle@metal-organic-framework nanostructures, in which a single inorganic nanoparticle core is coated with a uniform metal-organic framework shell, will be fabricated through self-assembly method. The assembly mechanism will be investigated; after that, the functionality of the core-shell nanostructures will be regulated by adjusting the size, morphology, structure, composition, etc. of the inorganic nanoparticle core and the metal-organic framework shell. Furthermore, the electrical and optical properties of this novel type of core-shell nanostructures will be investigated. The applicant hopes that this research project will serve for development of high performance sensors for detection of explosive and toxic molecules.

无机纳米粒子因其具有大的比表面积和强的量子限域效应而呈现独特的光、电、磁、机械和催化等性质，在物理、生物、化学和材料学领域中都有广泛的研究和应用前景。然而，无机纳米粒子高的表面能亦使其极易聚集和融合，进而导致这些特性退化甚至消失，难以实现长期存储、性能优化及持续应用。因此，开发新的可使无机纳米粒子稳定的策略至关重要。本项目将选取金属有机骨架化合物作为包覆层来稳定无机纳米粒子，旨在自组装构建以单一无机纳米粒子为核、均一金属有机骨架化合物层为壳的核壳纳米结构，揭示其组装机理，并通过调控无机纳米粒子核及金属有机骨架化合物壳的尺寸、形貌、结构、组分等实现对核壳纳米结构功能的调控，探索该复合结构的光电性能，为发展用于爆炸物、有毒物分子检测的传感器服务。

本项目主要围绕无机纳米粒子-金属有机骨架化合物核壳纳米结构的可控构筑及功能调控展开系统研究。通过构建基元的选择及基元间相互作用的调控，实现了系列以单一无机纳米粒子为核、均一金属有机骨架化合物层为壳的核壳纳米结构的自组装构建，揭示了其组装机理，并通过调控无机纳米粒子核及金属有机骨架化合物壳的尺寸、形貌、结构、组分等实现了对核壳纳米结构功能的调控，着重探索了其在化合物分离、生物医学等中的潜在应用价值。