基于宽频信息的高压直流系统接地极引线故障检测与定位研究

Because the voltage of ground electrode line is low and the pole site is throughthe small resistance grounding resistance，When ground The structure of grounding electrode line does not has operate voltage level, and the structure of pole location through small resistance grounding determines the fault location of grounding electrode has its particularity and complexity. The simulation is less，and research on entity test is moreless for grounding electrode line.This project focuses on the characteristics of weak fault information and uneven along the grounding electrode. Under the influence of interference, the characteristics of weak signal in large span range transformer are studied, and a mutual inductor model under weak signal scenario is established, which realizes the fault detection of grounding pole line that takes account of transformer's transmission characteristics. Based on the fault source information, a high resistance fault location algorithm based on the minimum value of voltage distribution along the line is constructed, and its high resistance fault location is realized. The new idea of fault location of another measure of "non circuit equation Energy Catastrophe" describes the fault point voltage current characteristics are presented, and combined with the characteristics of "circuit theory" and "energy mutation" two kind of measuring idea, construction of the fault localization method based on multidimensional fault information matching. Based on this, the fault location of the full length range of the grounding electrode line is realized. An active fault location method based on the broadband impedance characteristic of grounded electrode line under the excitation of injection source is constructed to achieve the fault location under the condition of less bus power. The implementation of this project is to promote the practical process of fault location of the grounding electrode line.

接地极引线无运行电压等级以及极址点通过小电阻接地的结构决定了接地极引线故障定位有其特殊性和复杂性，对此课题仿真较少，实体试验和测试研究就更少。本项目聚焦于接地极线路故障信息弱且沿线不均匀等特点: 研究干扰下大跨度量程互感器传变微弱信号的特性，建立微弱信号场景下的互感器模型，实现计及互感器传变特性的接地极引线故障检测；以故障源信息为核心，构建基于沿线电压分布最小值的高阻故障测距算法，实现其高阻故障定位。提出非电路方程的另一种测度“能量突变”描述故障点电压电流特性的故障测距新思路，并结合“电路理论”和“能量突变”两类测距思路的特点，构建基于故障信息多维度匹配的故障定位方法，实现全长范围的故障测距；构建“短时无接地极的直流系统运行新方式”下的基于注入源激励下的接地极引线宽频阻抗特性的主动式故障定位方法，实现双极平衡运行下的故障定位。通过上述研究推进接地极引线故障定位实用化进程。

接地极线路无运行电压等级以及极址点通过小电阻接地的结构决定了接地极引线故障定位有其特殊性和复杂性，本项目聚焦于接地极线路故障信息弱且沿线不均匀等特点，提出了接地极线路用直流电流互感器的宽频特性测试方法，并研制出相关系统，实现了计及互感器传变特性的接地极引线故障检测方法；提出了直流输电系统接地极线路主-被动联合故障检测定位技术，将宽频故障信息的电路方程和数学回归两类被动法测距与注入多宽度脉冲信号、多时窗协同分析的主扰法测距进行深度融合，一定程度上解决了接地极引线故障信号弱、故障定位难的问题。