玻璃幕墙冲击破坏的FEM/DEM-SBFEM耦合分析研究

The impact fracture of glass curtain wall has attracted growing attentions in civil engineering due to its wide application in high-rise buildings. Computational simulation is an important way of investigating the impact process and the corresponding responses. This project aims at developing a robust computational method and conducting FEM/DEM-SBFEM coupled analysis on the fracture of laminated glass curtain wall subjects to hard body impact. The method takes advantage of both the FEM/DEM in discontinua modelling (e.g. contact and large displacement) and the high computational efficiency of the SBFEM. When elements are in contact or fractured, discontinua governing equations are employed to evaluate the contact forces at the first instance, while stress and deformation will be solved by the SBFEM. In this project, a new fracture model of laminated glass is proposed with the consideration of element fracture and re-meshing. The FEM/DEM and SBFEM are coupled by setting up a shared database. By performing experimental validation and parametric study over the fracture of laminated glass under impact, the mechanism of fracture and fragmentation of laminated glass curtain wall can be obtained, providing technical support to safety usage and protection.

近年来，玻璃幕墙在高层建筑中得到广泛应用，其冲击破坏问题已成为关注的焦点。数值模拟是人们研究冲击过程及其后续响应的一种重要手段。本项目新发展一种高效数值计算方法，开展夹层玻璃幕墙受硬物冲击断裂的有限离散元-比例边界有限元（FEM/DEM-SBFEM）耦合分析研究。该方法结合了有限离散元模拟材料接触和结构大位移的准确性以及比例边界有限元计算效率高的优点，当单元发生接触或开裂时，调用非连续力学方程对接触力等物理量进行准确表达，继而使用比例边界有限元求解单元的应力和变形。本项目提出一种新的夹层玻璃断裂模型，实现单元开裂并考虑网格重划；通过共享数据，实现FEM/DEM和SBFEM的耦合；开展夹层玻璃冲击断裂的实验验证并开展参数分析。通过本项目的研究，揭示夹层玻璃的冲击断裂机理和碎片扩散规律，为夹层玻璃幕墙的安全使用及防护提供技术支持。

本项目以玻璃幕墙冲击断裂问题为背景，以数值模拟为手段，开发一种有限离散元-比例边界有限元（FEM/DEM-SBFEM）耦合的数值计算方法，研究夹层玻璃受硬物冲击的断裂及其后续响应。提出了表征玻璃、胶层、玻璃-胶层界面开裂的计算模型；考虑了单元开裂和网格重划；通过数据共享，实现了FEM/DEM和SBFEM的耦合。通过开展夹层玻璃冲击断裂的参数分析，阐明了主要设计参数（玻璃厚度和层数、胶层厚度和布置、胶结条件、开裂相关材料参数等）对夹层玻璃抗冲击性能的影响。揭示了夹层玻璃在硬物冲击下的裂纹发生和发展，以及破坏全过程；通过研究夹层玻璃的冲击断裂特点和碎片扩散规律，为夹层玻璃的安全使用和防护提供了技术支持。