卫星导航信号空时矢量跟踪与导航解算研究

The fusion of vector tracking and space-time processing is a problem that the development of satellite navigation signals receiving technique must be deal with. This research tries to introduce the space-time characters of satellite navigation signals to the vector tracking loops, and base on this, a joint space-time vector tracking architecture is proposed. Due to making full use of its space-time domain coherent properties, the performance of the receiver will be further improved..Based on the study of the space-time transform relations, the constraint equivalence relations, and the error characters and propagation relations of navigation signals, the direct relations of the geometry structure of the satellites, the form of the antenna array and the precision of measurement and orientation will be revealed. Through studying the methods of combining space-time processing and vector correlator of the navigation signals, the optimum rule of signal tracking and a new joint space-time vector tracking solver architecture is proposed. Finally, in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, a hardware-in-the-loop simulation experiment is carried out..The application prospect of this research is remarkable. The production will be used for multi-system combination, weak signal tracking, anti-jamming and multipath mitigation, precise position, and integrated navigation and otherwise.

卫星导航信号矢量跟踪和空时处理融合是导航信号接收处理技术发展必然面对的一个问题。本课题试图将导航信号的空间特性引入矢量跟踪环路中，充分利用卫星导航信号的空域和时频域相干特性，提高接收机的性能,并提出下一代卫星导航信号的空时联合矢量跟踪架构。.本课题通过研究导航信号的空时变换关系、约束等价关系、误差特性和传播关系，揭示卫星几何构形、天线阵型与测量定位精度的直接关系；通过研究导航信号空时处理和矢量相关器融合的方法，提出信号跟踪最优准则与新型空时联合矢量跟踪解算架构；最后通过半实物仿真实验验证相关算法的性能。.本课题研究具有显著的应用前景。研究成果可用于卫星导航的多系统融合、微弱信号跟踪、抗干扰与多径抑制、精密定位和组合导航等应用。

本项目主要是针对导航信号的空时处理与矢量跟踪结合问题进行研究，以提高卫星导航接收机的抗干扰和复杂环境下的导航定位性能为主要研究目标。主要究内容、重要结果及其科学意义如下：.详细研究了卫星导航阵列信号的空时过程，分析了载波和PRN空时处理过程的特性，提出了在空时信号延时累加波束赋形中和最优SINR等规则；研究提出了空时相干约束的方法，通过空时约束，固定卫星信号与接收机估计信号的相位关系，削弱空时处理对PRN码相关结果的影响，降低了空时处理引起的相位测量误差；建立了阵元信号差相位检测与阵列的位置姿态差的关系，提出了阵列导航信号和矢量跟踪条件下，状态向量、观测向量的选取策略与方法；研究了测距残差的影响因素以及矢量跟踪条件下的影响特性和剥离方法；基于卡尔曼滤波的空时处理和矢量跟踪的融合的方法，融合空时相干约束、阵列位姿检测和观测量预处理与残差分类估计处理过程，降低了卡尔曼滤波器与其它导航定位传感器的融合复杂性。项目研究设计了适用于导航信号阵列处理的硬件平台，搭建了实验实验环境，并进行了初步的定位精度测试；实现了信号处理过程与几何定位处理过程的深度融合，对发展新一代架构的卫星导航接收机具有积极作用。