基于亚波长结构的光波段偏振动态特性调制研究

Polarization of the light elucidates the physical character of the object that radiates or reflects the light. Properly using the polarization of light can obviously increase the power co-efficiency of the optical system, ensure the steady of the optical communication systems, and increase the detecting ability of and identifying targets. In recent years, light beams with special polarization, such as radially/azimuthally polarized light and optical vortices et al, have giant application in the areas of optical controlling and sub-diffraction imaging. In traditional technology, polarization manipulation of the light was mainly realized by using dielectric polarizers and wave plates with thickness much larger than wavelength. This hardly satisfy the increasing requirement for high integration of modern optical system, and the most obvious disadvantage is unable to achieve multi-polarization in the same wavelength range with the same polarizer, which restricts the development of polarization imaging and optical communication. Combing the excellent electromagnetic properties of metamaterials, we will focus on the theory and design method of the active polarization manipulation metamaterials in this project, and design metamaterials to actively control the polarization states and operating wavelength. Besides, metamaterials with low loss and broadband characters will be designed to provide high efficiency polarization elements for optical communication and polarization imaging systems.

光波的偏振特性反映了发光或者反射光的物体的本身物理特征。合理利用光波的偏振特性，能够有效提高对可见光的利用效率，增加光学通信系统的可靠性，提高对探测目标的识别能力等。近些年发现的特殊偏振态的光束，例如径向偏振光、角向偏振光和涡旋光等，在光学操控和超分辨成像等领域有重要价值。传统技术手段中，通常利用厚度远大于波长的偏振片和波片等介质材料实现对光波偏振态的调制。这种偏振调制方式难以满足光学系统集成度不断提高的要求，最重要的是传统的偏振调控方法无法实现在相同波段多偏振态的操控，限制了偏振成像、光学通信等领域的发展。结合亚波长结构的优异电磁调制能力，本课题开展光波段偏振动态调制亚波长结构的理论和设计方法研究，构造具有偏振态、响应波长可动态调谐的亚波长结构，以及研究亚波长结构的低损耗和宽带设计方法，为光学通信和偏振探测技术提供高效率的偏振调制器件。

光波的偏振特性反映了发光或者反射光的物体的本身物理特征。合理利用光波的偏振特性，能够有效提高对可见光的利用效率，增加光学通信系统的可靠性，提高对探测目标的识别能力等。近些年发现的特殊偏振态的光束，例如径向偏振光、角向偏振光和涡旋光等，在光学操控和超分辨成像等领域有重要价值。传统技术手段中，通常利用厚度远大于波长的偏振片和波片等介质材料实现对光波偏振态的调制。这种偏振调制方式难以满足光学系统集成度不断提高的要求，最重要的是传统的偏振调控方法无法实现在相同波段多偏振态的操控，限制了偏振成像、光学通信等领域的发展。结合亚波长结构的优异电磁调制能力，本课题开展光波段偏振动态调制亚波长结构的理论和设计方法研究，构造具有偏振态、响应波长可动态调谐的亚波长结构，以及研究亚波长结构的低损耗和宽带设计方法，为光学通信和偏振探测技术提供高效率的偏振调制器件。经过四年的研究，完成了基于亚波长结构材料的电磁波偏振特定动态调控原理和方法研究，研制出系列化光波段偏振调控器件，并结合实验室的微纳加工技术，完成器件的制备和表征。在此基础上，构造出基于亚波长偏振调控器件的动态结构色器件，以及动态轨道角动量激发器件等。共发表SCI论文11篇，申请发明专利5项，培养硕士研究生1人，博士研究生4人。