生物质-浅层地热能耦合分布式供能与农村用能一体化系统集成研究

The optimization of energy supply construction is significant to the new rural construction of China. Considering the abundant biomass and geothermal energy resources, this research would investigate the energy supply for rural residential buildings by help of theoretical derivation, simulation analysis and experiment investigation, so as to solve the current problems (too much exergy destruction of biomass gasification, flue gas utilization between ground source heat pump and combined system; low COP (coefficient of performance) of heat pump. etc). The main research contents are as follows: (1) The synergetic relationship between energy demand and energy resources would be analyzed to explore the feasibility of biomass and geothermal energy coupling utilization. (2) The energy level related regulation of biomass gasification process would be established to obtain the relationship between gasification conversion rate and energy loss of gasification process, besides that the influences of outlet temperature of hot fluid in heat pump on COP and heat transfer efficiency of heat exchanger would be investigated. Therefore, the integration mechanism of coupling system would be illustrated by the theory of energy comprehensive cascade utilization. (3) The biomass and geothermal energy coupling energy supplying system for rural buildings would be proposed, and the thermodynamic parameters would be analyzed so as to optimize the comprehensive performance of integrated system. This research would provide the theoretical support for the optimization of energy supply structure and the energy efficient utilization for rural buildings in China.

优化农村能源供应结构对我国新农村建设意义重大，针对农村丰富的生物质和浅层地热能资源，本课题采用理论推导、软件模拟、实验分析等手段对农村居住建筑能源供应展开研究，解决目前生物质气化、地源热泵与联产系统耦合烟气热利用㶲损过大、热泵COP低等问题。主要研究内容：（1）分析农村居住建筑用能需求与能源资源的协同关系，探索生物质与浅层地热能耦合的可行性；（2）建立生物质适度气化过程能的品位关联模型，获得气化率对其能量损失的变化规律，从能的综合梯级利用角度，探索生物质气化气与热泵耦合过程中热泵热端出口温度与热泵COP、烟气/热水换热器综合换热效率的变化规律，揭示生物质与浅层地热能耦合系统集成机理；（3）提出生物质与浅层地热能耦合分布式供能与农村用能一体化系统，基于特定能源需求及能源资源可用量条件，优化热力参数，实现一体化系统性能优化。研究成果将为中国农村地区能源供应结构优化及能源高效利用提供理论支撑。

新型农村现代能源体系构建是我国美丽乡村建设过程中的重要环节，目前农村能源利用规模小且分散，能源利用效率较低等情况。为进一步拓展适宜农村新型分布式能源系统，本项目从建筑多元化负荷预测、生物质与浅层地热能耦合集成机制和考虑不同储能单元的生物质-浅层地热能互补集成系统优化三个方面开展深入研究。对于建筑多元化负荷预测方面，揭示了天气因素、人员在室率、照明开关时间等数据变量与建筑冷热电负荷之间的相关性，提出了一种结合粒子群和时序模式注意力机制-长短时记忆神经网络的建筑多元负荷预测方法；对于生物质和浅层地热能耦合集成机制方面，将能的品位分析方法引入㶲经济模型辅助方程，对传统㶲经济分析模型进行修正，获得了不同能量流品位下生物质-浅层地热能耦合多联产系统㶲经济性能。对于考虑不同储能单元的耦合分布式能源系统优化方面，分别将压缩空气储能和储热/氢装置引入生物质-浅层地热能耦合分布式供能系统，提出集成不同储能单元的可再生能源耦合系统优化运行调控方法，进一步提高可再生能源互补分布式能源系统调控灵活性，从而提升一体化系统综合性能。