基于联盟对手吸收能力的创新收益保护策略研究

It has become a strategic thinking for the firms to grow rapidly and obtain the competitive advantage through strategic alliance. Because of inter-independence, specific characteristics of knowledge, alliance firms have to consider the problems to protect their innovation returns. The problems will become more prominent, especially when collaborating with competitors that owns strong absorptive capacity. Based on the current research, through on-the-spot investigation, expert interview, secondary data collection and other methods, our research constructs the measurement model of competitor’s absorptive capacity, explores the micro-mechanism how competitor’s absorptive capacity affect firm’s innovation performance in strategic alliance. Through empirical research, we identify the moderating effect of competitor’s absorptive capacity on the relationship between firm’s innovation appropriability and innovation performance. Combining with plentiful case study and literature review, we propose the protection strategy of innovation return in the view of competitor’s absorptive capacity. The conclusions will provide theoretical support and practical guidance for firm's improving their innovation performance in strategic alliance.

企业通过战略联盟迅速成长壮大并取得竞争优势已经成为一种战略思维。联盟企业之间的独立性、知识的特殊性让企业不得不考虑创新收益的保护问题，特别是与吸收能力强的竞争对手合作时，这个问题显得更为突出。本项目将以现有的国内外研究成果为基础，通过企业实地调研、专家访谈、二手资料收集等手段，构建联盟对手吸收能力的测量模型，阐明联盟对手吸收能力对企业创新绩效影响的微观机理，通过实证研究明确联盟对手吸收能力对企业创新独占和创新绩效关系的调节作用，结合多案例比较研究提出基于联盟对手吸收能力的创新收益保护策略，从而为联盟企业提升创新绩效提供理论支持与实践指导。

联盟企业获取外部知识的同时，自身知识也面临泄露的风险。本研究结合战略管理理论与知识管理理论，构建了知识获取、知识泄露影响企业创新绩效的理论模型，运用 233 份有效问卷对所提出的研究假设及影响路径进行了检验。研究结果表明: 技术知识获取与市场知识获取均对企业创新绩效产生显著的正向影响; 无论技术知识泄露还是市场知识泄露均对企业创新绩效产生显著的负向影响; 技术动荡性和市场动荡性是重要的调节变量。现有研究显示知识转移影响企业创新绩效的实证结果具有显著的差异性，本研究的相关结论解释了这种差异性产生的原因所在，深化并拓展了知识转移理论研究。在研究结论基础上，本研究提出了相应的管理对策。