新型多硬磁主相磁体设计及磁化与反磁化机制研究

This project proposes the multi-main-phased method, which is different from the traditional method such as the liquid sintered method, the dual-alloy method and the soft/hard magnetic nanophased method, to prepare the new-typed composite permanent magnets. It will focus on the design, the basic theory of controllable preparation and the mechanism of coercivity in new-type composite rare earth permanent magnet with multi-main -phase or multiscale (such as R-Fe-B/Nd-Fe-B, R-Fe-B/Sm-Co, and multi-main-phased magnets), due to the particular structural characteristics of the new-type multi-main-phased permanent magnet. The new-typed composite permanent magnts, prepared by the double-main-phased method or the multi-main-phased method, possess the advantage properties of each main phase.Moreover, the distribution of phase morphology as well as the state of phase interface between different phase, and the connection among material composition, microstructure and magnetic properties will be deeply studied . The exchange interactions between different magnetic phase, magnetostatic interaction, and the detailed mechanism of magnetic hardening of magnet in the magnet will be investigated. To solve the problem of magnetic couplings in new-typed composite rare earth permanent magnet, and to explore the optimal composite structure of “1+1>2” , the theory of the micro magnetism, first-principles calculation and Montmorillonite carlo method will be used. The theoretical basis for balancing application of rare earth resources in rare earth permanent magnet will be established. The multi-main-phase in this project means the hard magnetic phase.

本项目不同常规的液相烧结，双合金和软硬磁纳米双相等技术方法，通过采用多相复合材料制备新技术，主要针对新型双硬磁或多多硬磁主相复合永磁材料独特的结构特征，开展“多硬磁相、多尺度”新型复合稀土永磁材料（包括R-Fe-B/Nd-Fe-B、R-Fe-B/Sm-Co及多相复合磁体）的设计、可控制备基础理论和矫顽力机制的探讨。探索制备兼具多种单相永磁优点的新型复合型永磁材料，深入研究复合磁体中相分布形态以及不同相间的界面状态；研究材料成分、结构与其磁性能之间的构效关系。研究磁体内部不同磁性相之间的交换作用，静磁作用以及磁体磁硬化的详细机制；尝试利用微磁学理论、第一性原理计算，并结合蒙托卡罗方法，求解新型复合永磁材料磁性耦合，探索“1+1>2”的最佳复合结构。为新型高性能永磁材料的研发，平衡稀土资源在稀土永磁中的应用奠定理论基础。本项目中的双主相是指双硬磁主相。

本项目不同常规的液相烧结，双合金和软硬磁纳米双相等技术方法，通过采用多相复合材料制备新技术，主要针对新型双硬磁或多多硬磁主相复合永磁材料独特的结构特征，开展“多硬磁相、多尺度”新型复合稀土永磁材料（包括R-Fe-B/Nd-Fe-B、R-Fe-B/Sm-Co及多相复合磁体）的设计、可控制备基础理论和矫顽力机制的探讨。探索制备兼具多种单相永磁优点的新型复合型永磁材料，深入研究复合磁体中相分布形态以及不同相间的界面状态；研究材料成分、结构与其磁性能之间的构效关系。研究磁体内部不同磁性相之间的交换作用，静磁作用以及磁体磁硬化的详细机制；尝试利用微磁学理论、第一性原理计算，并结合蒙托卡罗方法，求解新型复合永磁材料磁性耦合，探索“1+1>2”的最佳复合结构。为新型高性能永磁材料的研发，平衡稀土资源在稀土永磁中的应用奠定理论基础。本项目中的双主相是指双硬磁主相。