基于细胞碰撞电化学的单细胞分析平台的构建及其癌症分型检测应用研究

Cancer is a kind of malignant diseases with high occurrence and low survival rate. In China, the situation is even worse. The early diagnosis of cancer, especially the detection and classification of cancer cells, is crucial to increase the early detection rate of cancer, as well as to improve cancer prognosis. The analysis of the specific biomarkers of cancer cells, especially the analysis of those on single cancer cells, is a very efficient way to realize sensitive and accurate cell classification. However, problems remain in current methods in singe cell analysis, such as high expenses in instruments, requirements of specialized operators, low temporal resolution, etc. To address these problems and challenges, this project proposes the use of multi-metal nanoparticles to label different specific biomarkers on the surface of cancer cells, and in a single particle collision electrochemistry model, the labeled nanoparticles will be directly oxidized during the collisions between single cancer cells and the electrode surface. Thus, by the analysis of the oxidation signals, the detection and classification of cancer cells can be quantitatively analyzed in an economic, fast and efficient way. Meanwhile, the counting of the cancer cells can be realized. We propose to use fast-scan voltammetry to ensure only one cell collision during one single electrochemical scan, in order to realize the simultaneous analysis of multi-specific markers of single cancer cells. In addition, the project will also test the reliability of the electrochemical model with flow cytometry, and expand the detection method to the classification and counting of single cancer cells in practical patient samples, in order to provide technical support to early classification and detection of cancer.

癌症是一种发病率高、致死率高的恶性疾病，在我国这一情况尤为严峻。癌症的早期诊断，尤其是癌细胞的分型检测是提高早期肿瘤检出率并改善肿瘤预后的关键。癌细胞特异性标志物的分析，尤其是单细胞特异性标志物的分析是实现灵敏、准确的细胞分型的有效手段，然而现有的单细胞分析方法存在如仪器昂贵、需专业人员操作、时间分辨率低等问题。针对这些问题和挑战，本项目拟用多金属纳米颗粒标记癌细胞表面不同特异性标记物，结合单颗粒碰撞电化学技术，通过在单细胞与电极碰撞过程中对标记金属纳米粒子的直接电化学氧化实现单个癌细胞经济、快速、高效的定量分型检测与癌细胞计数。电化学检测中拟采用快速扫描伏安法，以确保单个伏安扫描周期仅有单个细胞与电极碰撞，以实现单个癌细胞上多种特异性标志物的同时定量分析。本项目还拟用流式细胞仪验证单细胞碰撞电化学检测模型的可靠性，并对病人实际样品进行癌细胞分型检测计数，为癌症的早期分型诊断提供技术支持。

癌症是一种发病率高、致死率高的恶性疾病，在我国这一情况尤为严峻。癌症的早期诊断，尤其是癌细胞的分型检测是提高早期肿瘤检出率并改善肿瘤预后的关键。癌细胞特异性标志物的分析，尤其是单细胞特异性标志物的分析是实现灵敏、准确的细胞分型的有效手段，然而现有的单细胞分析方法存在如仪器昂贵、需专业人员操作、时间分辨率低等问题。针对这些问题和挑战，本项目拟用多金属纳米颗粒标记癌细胞表面不同特异性标记物，结合单颗粒碰撞电化学技术，通过在单细胞与电极碰撞过程中对标记金属纳米粒子的直接电化学氧化实现单个癌细胞经济、快速、高效的定量分型检测与癌细胞计数。电化学检测中拟采用快速扫描伏安法，以确保单个伏安扫描周期仅有单个细胞与电极碰撞，以实现单个癌细胞上多种特异性标志物的同时定量分析。本项目还拟用流式细胞仪验证单细胞碰撞电化学检测模型的可靠性，并对病人实际样品进行癌细胞分型检测计数，为癌症的早期分型诊断提供技术支持。