基于能流控制完善分析的空调系统运行性能评估研究

The evaluation of air conditioning system is to evaluate its operation and control performance, and find the way to improve the operation level and optimize the control performance, This study proposes a new general evaluation method based on control perfection analysis of energy-flow, which setting ideal operation level as the criterion and using control perfection as index for evaluating the operation level and control performance of air condition system. Firstly, the study analyzes the interaction of operation parameters and setup the hierarchical energy-flow model of air condition system. The energy-flow eigenvalue vector can be obtained to describe the general character of operation of air conditioning system. Secondly, an ideal operation condition is setup by production frontier model of energy-flow to define the ideal operation level of air conditioning system and the actual operation level is evaluated by compared with its ideal operation level. The coordination function of control variables for energy-flow and loads is analyzed. The control perfection is defined and the control perfection equation is setup to analyze the compatibility between energy-flow and controls. The index of control perfection is calculated to evaluate the control performance. The potential of improving controls of air conditioning system can be quantified by the index of control perfection. Finally, based on the analyzing method of economic evaluating the relationship between production cost and product quality, thermal comfort and indoor air quality are set as the products of air conditioning system, and the effect of the different requirement thermal comfort and indoor air quality on energy-flow cost is quantified to setup integral evaluation model. This study presents control perfection analysis of energy-flow to evaluating the operation level and control performance of air conditioning system, innovatively proposes the evaluation index of control perfection with product frontier analysis method. The results of this study will innovate the evaluation of air conditioning system.

空调系统运行性能的评估，是为了发现系统运行和控制中存在的问题及挖掘改进的潜力。本研究从对能流进行控制完善分析的角度出发，探索以理想运行水平为基准、控制完善度为指标的评估准则，构建空调系统运行性能的通用评估方法。本研究在运行参数关联分析的基础上，通过建立空调系统能流层次递阶模型，抽象出表征系统运行共性的能流特征，通过对能流生产前沿面的分析，确定系统的理想运行水平，提出控制完善度评价指标，建立基于系统能流控制完善分析的通用评估模型，在分析控制与能流协同性的基础上，以理想运行水平为基准，从评价潜力的角度定量评价空调系统的运行水平。同时，基于生产成本和产品质量的关系，从能流成本角度量化舒适性和空气品质对运行水平的影响，建立空调系统综合评估方法。本研究将对能流的控制完善分析引入空调系统运行性能评估中，结合系统生产前沿面理论，创新地提出控制完善度这一评估指标，为空调系统运行性能评估提供新的途径。

在建筑空调系统的实际运行过程中，空调系统的运行效率受到运行控制策略和设备匹配程度等诸多因素影响。为了发现空调系统在运行过程中存在的问题，揭示其节能潜力，并有针对性地给出优化措施，本研究项目基于能流分析，提出了空调系统运行性能评估方法。.研究项目主要获得了四方面的成果：第一，建立了空调系统热物理仿真模型并对其进行了验证，在该模型的基础上，分析出了空调系统物理结构的能流抽象特征并对其进行了解耦，进而构建出空调系统的能流层次递阶模型。第二，基于空调系统能流层次递阶模型，分析部件及子系统的能流阻，提出了空调系统的新评估基准“条件理想运行状态”和“理想运行状态”，确立了以“找差距”替代当前的“提高率”的空调系统评估准则。第三，提出了新的空调系统评估指标“控制完善度”，在该指标的基础上构建了空调系统运行与控制水平评估方法，并进一步发展出了空调系统的运行和控制水平多层面评估及其协调性分析方法，反映出空调系统实际控制条件下真实的运行和控制水平，并辨识出各个运行工况和不同控制策略下空调系统所需重点优化的方向。第四，建立了基于能流与舒适性关系的空调系统综合评估方法，从生产成本与产品质量关系的角度，反映出舒适性产品质量差异对空调系统运行水平的影响。.本研究构建了基于能流分析的空调系统运行潜力评估指标与方法，创新性地提出了基于“控制完善度”为指标的空调系统运行水平的评估方法，开拓了空调系统评估领域的研究内容和方法，揭示出了空调系统运行控制的节能潜力，有助于解决当前空调系统运行评估基准不统一、多个建筑空调系统运行水平无法直接比较等问题。该评估方法为空调系统控制的优化提供了理论分析方法，对空调系统的节能具有理论指导意义和实际应用价值。