基于电阻抗成像的CFRP层压板结构健康检测方法研究

CFRP is widely used in the aerospace field due to its charateristics, such as light weight with high strength and designable ability. Aimed at the structure of CFRP laminate, this project proposes a non-destructive testing method bsed on electrical impedace tomography (EIT) by utilizing the carbon’s characteristics of electrical self-sensing. By considering the structural properties of CFRP laminate, the complex electrical characteristics and the maneuverability of the detection methods, the following researches are carried out: 1) The optimization of damage detection model for CFRP laminates based on EIT. The structure of electrodes and excitation/detection scheme will be optimized, and the relationship between the anisotropic conductivity distribution and the measured data will be established. 2) EIT modeling of damage identification for CFRP laminates with anisotropic conductivity. The approximation algorithms of inverse problem for anisotropic conductivity will be further studied in order to obtain the reliable and intuitive position image of damages. At the meantime, the damage data mining algorithms based on the measurement data and the reconstructed image information will be explored to realize the effective identification of the type and the degree of damages. 3) Damage monitoring and material property evaluation of CFRP laminated plates based on EIT. The design and development of the hardware test platform and the host computer monitoring software will be completed, and the damage tests of the CFRP laminate will be carried out.

CFRP以其轻质高强、可设计性等特点，被广泛应用于航空航天领域。本项目针对CFRP层压板结构，利用碳纤维自传感电学敏感性特点，提出基于电阻抗成像（EIT）原理的无损检测方法。综合考虑材料结构属性、复杂电学特性以及检测手段的可操控性，重点开展以下研究：1）基于EIT原理的CFRP层压板损伤探测模型优化，优化电极结构以及激励测量模式，建立各向异性电导率分布与测量数据之间映射关系模型；2）面向电导率各向异性CFRP层压板损伤辨识的EIT建模，深入研究各向异性电导率逆问题逼近算法，获取可靠、直观的损伤图像定位，同时探索基于测量数据和再构图像信息的损伤特征数据挖掘算法，实现损伤类型和损伤程度的有效辨识；3）基于EIT的CFRP层压板结构损伤监测与材料性能评估，完成硬件测试平台及上位机监测软件的设计开发，并对CFRP层压板损伤试样开展EIT无损检测实验验证。

CFRP以其轻质高强度、可设计性等特点，广泛应用于航空航天领域。本项目针对CFRP层压板结构，利用碳纤维自传感电学敏感性特点，提出基于电阻抗成像（EIT）原理的无损检测方法。本项目重点开展了如下研究：1）优化了基于EIT原理的CFRP层压板损伤探测模型电极结构以及激励测量模式。2）设计了电导率各项异性CFRP层压板损伤辨识的EIT建模，并通过正则化方法对EIT逆问题进行求解，获取可靠、直观的损伤图像定位。3）研究了基于测量数据和再构图像信息的损伤特征数据挖掘算法和深度学习算法，实现了损伤类型和损伤程度的有效辨识和EIT损伤图像重建；4）基于EIT的CFRP层压板结构损伤检测与材料性能评估，完成了硬件测试平台及上位机检测软件的设计开发，并对CFRP层压板损伤试样开展了EIT无损检测实验，验证了理论成果并提高了技术实用性。项目的顺利实施，丰富了电学无损检测学科的内容，为CFRP产品的损伤检测提供了一种新的无损检测方法。