绿色供应链整合对企业绩效的影响及控制机制研究

How firms improve their performance through green supply chain integration when green supply chain integration has both positive and negative effects on firm performance? This is a hot research topic in academia and an awkward problem in practice. This study will systematically explore the positive and negative effects of green supply chain integration on firm performance and their control mechanism using literature research, case study and large sample questionnaire survey methods. The research content concludes: 1) investigating the influences of three dimensions of green supply chain integration on different types of firm performance by considering the positive and negative impacts of green supply chain integration simultaneously based on resource-based view and transaction cost theory etc.; 2) illuminating the paths of green supply chain integration positively and negatively affect firm performance, and revealing the mechanism through which green supply chain integration influences firm performance based on resource dependence theory and social exchange theory etc.; 3) analyzing the moderating effects of contingency factors (such as, external environment, firm level, and inter-firm relationship factors etc.) and control mechanisms (such as, relationship norms, contract, and power use etc.) on the relationship between green supply chain integration and firm performance, and clarifying the control mechanism of the relationship between green supply chain integration and firm performance under different situations based on contingency theory etc. In general, this project will construct a theoretical framework regarding green supply chain integration influencing firm performance and advance the contingency research in the field of green supply chain integration. Important managerial implications are also will be provided to firms for better conducting and managing green supply chain integration.

在绿色供应链整合对企业绩效既有正面又有负面作用的情况下，企业如何通过绿色供应链整合提高绩效？这既是当前的理论研究热点，也是企业面临的现实难题。本项目拟采用文献研究、案例研究和大样本问卷调查法，系统研究绿色供应链整合对企业绩效的正负面作用及控制机制。具体包括：1）基于资源基础观和交易成本理论等，综合考虑绿色供应链整合的正负面作用，探讨其三个维度对不同类型企业绩效的影响；2）基于资源依赖理论和社会交换理论等，阐明绿色供应链整合产生正面和负面作用的路径，揭示绿色供应链整合对企业绩效的作用机理；3）基于权变理论等，分析外部环境、企业个体和企业间关系等情境因素以及关系规范、契约和权力使用等控制机制的调节效应，明确不同情境下绿色供应链整合对企业绩效产生影响的控制机制。项目将构建绿色供应链整合影响企业绩效的整体理论框架，推动绿色供应链整合领域的情境化研究，为企业有效开展和管理绿色供应链整合提供理论指导。

绿色供应链整合可以帮助企业有效地管理内外部流程，从而降低运营活动及产品对环境造成的不良影响，实现企业的绿色可持续发展。在绿色供应链整合对企业绩效既有正面又有负面作用的情况下，企业如何通过绿色供应链整合提高绩效成为值得关注的研究问题。本项目基于我国企业绿色供应链整合的现状与问题，研究绿色供应链整合的对企业绩效的作用机理及不同情境下的控制机制。运用实证研究方法，探讨绿色供应链整合对企业绩效的影响效果、绿色供应链整合对企业绩效的作用路径，进而考察不同情境因素和控制机制对绿色供应链整合影响效果的调节效应。项目通过开展两阶段调研，收集到来自206家制造企业的数据。将绿色供应链整合细分为供应商绿色整合、内部绿色整合和客户绿色整合三个维度，研究其对企业绩效的直接作用、作用路径及控制机制。实证研究结果显示：供应商绿色整合对财务绩效和环境绩效有正向促进作用，内部绿色整合对财务绩效、运营绩效、环境绩效和社会绩效有正向促进作用，而客户绿色整合只对运营绩效有正向促进作用；供应商绿色整合和客户绿色整合都对绿色创新有正向促进作用；供应商绿色整合和客户绿色整合之间是互补关系，可以产生协同效应，而内部整合可以强化客户绿色整合与绿色创新绩效之间的正向关系；绿色供应链整合可以通过影响社会资本积累、信息共享质量、供应链弹性、环境创新、知识创造流程、信息共享和外部知识采用等间接作用与企业绩效；双元治理、双元环保意识、宏观制度环境-微观制度环境组态、环境不确定性、知识组合、治理机制、信任、知识兼容性和战略兼容性等会影响绿色供应链整合的有效性。项目的研究结果在理论上发展了利益相关者理论、自然资源基础观、交易成本理论、信息处理理论和资源依赖理论等相关理论，也为企业管理者正确认识绿色供应链整合的正面作用和负面作用，并根据不同情境选择有效的控制和管理机制，从而通过合理开展绿色供应链整合实现绩效的提升提供对策建议。