基于真实性原则的历史街区居住形态基因特征研究

In the theories and practice of conservation and renewal of historic districts, “authenticity” becomes an important notion and principle. But in terms of living heritage such as historic district, it is difficult to define and evaluate its authenticity; such theories are still in their infancy. This study aims to explore the concrete connotation of authenticity and establish a system for its evaluation. It selects the historical area of central Shanghai city as examples and draws from approaches in space grammar, morphological regional structure, home economic theory and space syntax theory. It studies both spatial morphology and life pattern of residence in selected districts as well as interrelations between them. Thereby the “genotype” features which reflect living culture will be refined; it is argued that “genotype” features with universality, stability and regionality constitute the core elements of “authenticity”. Based on such definition, this study then proposes a evaluation system of "authenticity" and applies it in case studies. This study contributes to the theoretical research of "authenticity" in conservation and renewal of historic district, and provides objective basis for policy-making for its practice. It is hoped that the study will benefit the sustainment of urban history in urban construction and the spreading of cultural spirit with contemporary value. It is also hoped that the study will have reference value for contemporary settlements planning and housing construction in China.

在历史街区保护与更新的理论研究和实践探索中，"真实性"成为重要的概念和原则。真实性的具体内涵和评价方法在理论研究上目前处于探索阶段。本项目以真实性的内涵建构和价值评价为研究目标，以上海市中心城区历史文化风貌区为例，运用形态区域结构方法、空间句法理论、住居学理论等研究方法对所选案例的空间形态、生活形态以及两者的关联性进行研究。通过对居住形态的研究发掘具有普遍性、稳定性和地域性的基因特征，进一步提炼反映居住文化和社会结构的基因特征，将其概括为真实性的内核要素。在对真实性内涵建构的基础上提出真实性的评价指标,并运用评价指标对研究案例进行真实性评价。本研究将丰富历史街区保护与更新理论中真实性原则的内涵，为历史街区保护与更新的规划管理方法提供客观依据，有益于在城市建设中延续城市历史，弘扬具有当代价值的文化精神，对我国当代住区规划和住宅建设具有参考价值。

在历史街区保护与更新的理论研究和实践探索中，"真实性"成为重要的概念和原则。真实性的内涵建构和价值评价因此成为历史街区保护与更新理论研究的重要课题。以真实性的内涵建构和价值评价为目标，对历史街区居住形态进行研究具有十分重要的意义。本课题选取上海市南京西路历史文化风貌区为例，运用形态区域结构方法、住居学理论等研究方法对所选案例的物质形态（空间形态）、社会内容（生活形态）以及两者的关联性进行研究，从而发掘历史街区“空间真实性”和“生活真实性”的内涵建构（保护要素），并依此提出真实性价值评价（保护策略）。本研究将丰富历史街区保护与更新理论中“真实性”原则的概念内涵，为历史街区保护与更新的规划和管理提供客观依据，并为我国的住区建设提供参考。