固态离子碱熔融钒云母选择性崩解及介观反应行为机制研究

The novel roasting theory of short process, high efficiency, low cost, and no pollution for vanadium extraction from stone coal is always the research highlight. The representative mica type stone coal is one of the most main complicated and refractory vanadium resources in China. The key scientific issue to realize the comprehensive utilization of the representative mica type stone coal is to achieve the selective disintegration of roscoelite by roasting so that the vanadium could be released from the constraint of the crystal lattice and the vanadium conversion efficiency could also be improved. According to the universal existing problems due to the vanadium constraint by the crystal lattice, which include the insufficiency of the oxidation and valence transition, the undesirability of the conversion efficiency, the rigorous operation conditions, and the serious environmental pollution problems in the roasting technologies for vanadium extraction from stone coal, the research will focus on the application of the solid-state ion alkali fusion extraction for the selective disintegration of roscoelite from the representative mica type stone coal. Meanwhile, the investigations of the fundamental theories will also be referred. The selective disintegration of roscoelite and mesoscopic reaction mechanisms will be finally obtained by the clarification of the roscoelite reaction kinetics and the disintegration factors, the chemical thermodynamics of the roscoelite and the associate minerals, the discipline of the vanadium migration, and the selective mesoscopic reaction discipline of roscoelite, under the conditions of the study on the main characteristics of stone coal, and the analysis of the quantum chemistry and the crystal structure. The research will explore the novel and green roasting theory for vanadium extraction from stone coal, and provide some portable basis for the efficient utilization of the representative mica type stone coal.

高效率、短流程、低成本、无污染的焙烧新理论一直是石煤提钒的研究热点。典型云母类石煤是我国最主要的复杂难处理钒资源之一，通过焙烧实现钒云母的高效选择性崩解，以有利于钒摆脱晶格束缚，提高钒的转化率，是综合利用典型云母类石煤中钒资源亟待解决的关键科学问题。针对我国现有石煤提钒焙烧工艺由于钒晶格束缚而普遍存在的焙烧氧化转价不充分、焙烧效果不理想、操作条件苛刻及环境污染严重等问题，本项目拟将固态离子碱熔融提取应用于典型云母类含钒石煤中钒云母的选择性崩解过程，并围绕基础理论问题开展研究工作：基于石煤主要特性研究，通过量子化学与晶体结构分析，查明钒云母的反应动力学与崩解影响因素，解明钒云母与共生矿物的化学热力学及钒迁移转化规律，探明钒云母的选择性介观反应影响规律，以全面解析钒云母的选择性崩解及介观反应行为机制。项目的研究，将建立石煤提钒的绿色焙烧新理论，为典型云母类石煤的高效利用提供可移植性依据。

高效率、短流程、低成本、无污染的焙烧新理论一直是石煤提钒的研究热点。典型云母类石煤是我国最主要的复杂难处理钒资源之一。本项目针对我国现有石煤提钒焙烧工艺由于钒晶格束缚而普遍存在的焙烧氧化转价不充分、焙烧效果不理想、操作条件苛刻及环境污染严重等问题，将固态离子碱熔融提取应用于典型云母类含钒石煤中钒云母的选择性崩解过程，并围绕钒云母的反应动力学与崩解影响因素、钒云母与共生矿物的化学热力学及钒迁移转化规律、钒云母的选择性介观反应影响规律等关键科学问题开展了系统的基础性研究工作。.针对典型云母类含钒石煤的固态离子碱熔融提取过程，基于菲克第一定律和化学反应速率的定义，构建了片状结构矿物焙烧的动力学模型，并进行了动力学分析与活化能计算，从而查明了钒发生反应转化的难易程度与影响因素；研究了典型云母类含钒石煤主要组成矿物的∆G-T热力学平衡图，明确了反应体系中物相的稳定存在形式及相应的存在条件，并结合钒云母在体系中的反应行为分析，从而探明了钒迁移转化规律；考察了钒云母与主要共生矿物的物相转变规律，分析了钒云母特征元素的浸出规律及晶体化学键的反应活性特征，并结合钒云母晶体结构参数分析，从而解明了钒云母的选择性崩解及介观反应活性影响规律。.项目形成了钒云母的选择性崩解及介观反应行为机制，建立了石煤提钒的绿色焙烧新理论，为典型云母类石煤的高效利用提供可移植性依据。发表学术期刊论文7篇，其中SCI收录6篇；申请国家发明专利5项；培养硕士研究生2人；主办国内学术会议1次，参加国内学术会议3次。