The reduction of scleral collagen is the main factor leading to the axial elongation of myopia. However, the precise regulatory mechanism of the dynamic change of collagen is not fully understood. Our previous study showed that the refractive status shifted to hyperopia and the expression of scleral collagen increased in G protein signal-regulated factor-2 (RGS-2) knockout (KO) mice. Silence of endogenous RGS-2 expression leaded to the change of muscarinic receptor (M receptor) and type I collagen in sclera fibroblast. These results indicated that RGS-2 might associate with the remodeling of sclera and might affect ocular refractive development by regulating of M receptors. In this study, we will determine the effects of RGS-2 KO and overexpression (OE) on progression of myopia. We will knockout and overexpress M1 to M5 receptors, respectively, to identify the specific subtype of M receptors that inhibit collagen synthesis of sclera in RGS-2 knockout mice. We will further investigate the detail signal path of M receptors by agonist and inhibitor of the key factors in fibroblast of myopic sclera. The newly identified signal molecules have strong potential for discovering novel drug therapies for myopia.
巩膜胶原减少是近视发生发展的主要因素,然而胶原动态变化的调控机制尚不完全明确。我们前期研究发现,小鼠G蛋白信号调节因子-2(RGS-2)基因敲除后,屈光状态偏远视,且巩膜胶原表达增多;沉默巩膜成纤维细胞RGS-2基因后,巩膜毒蕈碱受体(M受体)表达发生变化,I型胶原表达增加。提示:RGS-2可能通过调控巩膜M受体参与巩膜胶原重塑,从而影响屈光发育。本课题通过建立RGS-2基因敲除及过表达的小鼠离焦性近视模型,观察RGS-2对近视进展的影响;通过基因敲除和过表达各亚型M受体,干预RGS-2基因敲除的小鼠近视模型,研究RGS-2敲除后,影响近视巩膜胶原合成的具体M受体亚型;在RGS-2敲除的近视巩膜成纤维细胞中,激活和抑制M受体信号通路的关键因子,研究RGS-2抑制胶原合成的具体信号通路,为防治近视药物的研发提供新方向。
巩膜胶原的改变与近视的进展密切相关,但近视导致巩膜胶原变化的机制不完全明确。本项目前期研究发现RGS-2 在小鼠巩膜有丰富的表达,并且与胶原稳态相关:RGS-2 基因敲除小鼠屈光状态偏远视且巩膜增厚,肌成纤维细胞增多。本课题通过研究RGS-2基因敲减及过表达对研究小鼠离焦性近视形成的作用及分子机制;通过基因敲减和过表达M1受体,干预RGS-2基因敲减的小鼠近视模型,研究RGS-2敲减后,影响近视巩膜胶原合成的具体M受体亚型;在RGS-2敲减的近视巩膜成纤维细胞中,激活和抑制M受体信号通路的关键因子,研究RGS-2抑制胶原合成的具体信号通路,为防治近视药物的研发提供新方向。.研究发现巩膜RGS-2基因敲减或过表达分别抑制及促进近视的进展,RGS-2干预后M1受体在敲减组表达减少,在过表达组表达增加,I 型胶原改变呈相反趋势。敲减及过表达M1受体后,敲减组出现近视延缓,过表达组近视加深。在RGS-2敲减组,M1受体在各亚组表达未见明显统计学差异(p>0.05),但在RGS-2过表达组M1敲减亚组M1受体表达减少趋势较RGS-2对照组更加明显(p<0.05),三组中巩膜I 型胶原表达呈几乎相反趋势。采用腺苷酸环化酶激动剂及抑制剂干预巩膜成纤维细胞后,cAMP在激动剂组表达明显增加(p<0.05),I型胶原表达减少(p<0.05),M1及M5受体在激动剂组表达明显减少(p<0.05),M4受体表达明显增加(p<0.05)。M2及M3受体表达无明显统计学差异(p>0.05)。综上提示,RGS-2通过调控M1受体-cAMP通路参与了小鼠离焦性近视的发生发展,而M1受体-cAMP通路阻断可能会成为近视眼预防及治疗的新途径。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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