柔性多功能力学量传感器及其阵列的研制与应用

The dielectric elastomer is a hyperelastic material and the graphene is a two-dimensional material, which have been developed in recent years and have specific physical properties. They are smart materials and are promising materials for various applications in industries and human life. Many studies have focused on them to find any useful property. .The purpose of the proposal is to develop several flexible mechanics sensors and arrays based on the useful mechanical and electric properties of the two materials. The sensors will be developed can measure forces and displacements between two objects and the arrays can be employed to measure distribution of stresses between two objects surfaces. These flexible sensors have both sensor and actuator functions, which can output forces and displacements. . .The required application of the sensors will be developed is to measure force between two objects surfaces of a machine. The gap for assembled sensors is only 2 mm and stress transferred from one surface to the other is about 1.5 MPa. It is obvious that only the soft arrays will be developed can meet the need. In addition, these sensors can be employed in the skin of soft robots with the functions of sensitivities and actions.

具有超弹性性质的介电弹性体和具有二维晶体结构的石墨烯都是近年来发展起来的有特殊性质的新材料，而且还有一些新的性质被不断的发现的。这两类材料及其复合材料正不断地被研制出来，是有着广泛应用前景的智能材料。.此项申请拟结合这两种材料的特点，研制多功能的柔性力学量传感器单体和阵列，可以测量两物体间的压力和相对位移。阵列式传感器可以测量压力分布。所谓柔性是指传感器由柔性材料构成，自身可弯曲。所谓多功能是指一支传感器可测量多个物理量，而且，还具有驱动器的功能，可以输出力或位移。这种传感器不仅可以测量压力，若在夹持试样的卡头上加装转换装置，也可以测量施加到被测试样的拉力。.这类传感器急需的用途之一是测量一种机械两接触面间的传递的作用力，两接触面之间只有2mm缝隙可以安装传感器，传递的应力约为1.5MPa。只有这种柔性传感器阵列可以解决此问题。另外，这类传感器还可以作为柔性智能机器人有传感和驱动器功能皮肤

研制一类多功能的柔性力学量传感器，其中的挤压力柔性传感器可以测量2mm缝隙间的挤压力和相对位移。还研制了四种不同功能的柔性传感器。分别是柔性敏感条传感器组件、柔性摩擦力传感器、阻容串联式柔性接触力传感器和三向触觉力传感器。这些传感器都可以作为柔性智能机器人有传感和驱动器功能皮肤的一部分。同时我们还做了柔性材料的力电性质以及非柔性电介质材料的力电性质研究。同时还做了如下的工作：超弹性薄膜起皱临界电压与电极尺度关系的实验研究；典型电介质材料机玻璃和聚乙烯在交变电场下的弯曲变形研究；利用电声脉冲检测介电材料内部缺陷的新方法。将此方法还可应用到金属表面涂层的脱粘无损检测。为了改变金属的表面性质，有时会在金属表面镀涂层。这些涂层多数是绝缘材料，有效的无损检测涂脱粘是保证质量必要手段。我们方法正好可用来解决这一问题。