高精度组合相机低空运动成像机理与误差抑制

In low altitude earth observation with the optical high-resolution multi-camera on UAV(Unmanned vehicles),the diversity of the airborne platform movement leds to the geometrical accuracy reduction and quality degradation of the combination photographying. Images are even unable to be obtained. The project studies theoretical and technical problems of low altitude imaging , such as complex platform movement, synchronized exposure ,geometrical imaging model of combined camera and motion compensation. First, the mathematic description for the Unmanned vehicle motion error in low-altitude environment is established and the topology mapping relationship for its conversion to optical camera imaging quality is derived. Then, major research on the quantitative estimated mechanism is conducted to deal with the high-precision combined moving imaging errors. And further, both the theory and method are studied for high-accuracy microscopic motion compensation of optical combined imaging. Some innovative methods will be given to solve the geometric model with the position and orientation of the velocity vector. New strategy is to be proposed to deal with the iterative solution based on the model of morbid equation. And new methods will be discussed for accuracy evaluation. It is expected to enrich the basic theory of high-resolution and high-precision earth observation.

无人飞行器载高分辨率多视组合光学相机低空对地观测成像过程中，低空飞行平台运动的多异性导致组合成像精度降低、质量退化，严重时无法成像。本项目探索平台复杂运动、组合相机曝光同步、组合成像模型、运动补偿等低空组合成像的理论与技术问题。建立无人飞行器平台低空运动误差数学模型及其与组合光学相机成像的拓扑关系；研究无人飞行器载荷平台组合运动成像误差的高精度定量估计机理；并深入研究组合成像高精度运动补偿理论与方法。课题研究期望在对带有速度矢量的位姿求解几何模型的建立以及基于该模型的迭代求解策略和精度评定方法等方面将有所创新。 项目研究期望能丰富高分辨率高精度对地观测的基础理论。

无人飞行器载组合宽角光学相机低空遥感成像中，平台非理想运动、组合相机非刚性连接导致载荷成像质量的退化，严重时甚至无法成像。对成像退化进行理想抑制与补偿，以获取高分辨率高精度的图像，研究了组合相机运动成像机理、运动误差分析、图像退化抑制与补偿问题，定量评估组合数字相机运动成像误差，通过运动参数反演、补偿算法等的理论建模、仿真验证、实地验证的研究，建立了运动误差与载荷成像退化的几何关系,建立了分步精化、静态检校和动态检校联合标校技术，并建立了有效的硬件补偿与软件恢复方法，以实现组合相机高精度运动成像。