A large population of nickel refining workers and the excessive respiratory cancer risk have let to concern in this and other countries. Our previous study suggested that related proteins contribute to increased risk of respiratory cancer in nickel refining workers, but the mechanism responsible for nickel-induced carcinogenecity need further to clarify. Base on current studies, we hypothesize that nickel refining fume may contribute to carcinogenicity by regulating certain key proteins. This study will, in the first time, use samples collected in the air of workplaces in a nickel refinery to evaluate their bioavailabilty, intracellular release of nickel and to investigate signalling passways of cell death in response to nickel exposure. By studying, at the first attempt, cooperative signalling linkage between oncogene protein and tumour suppressor gene protein we may identify new targets of nickel on key proteins, which may regulate signalling passways, and their mechanisms. Nickel induced passways we intend to investigate are ROS, ERK and AKT. The effect of Np63 on pattern of airway epithelia cells death, functional expression, and activation of HIF-1α signalling passway following nickel treatment will be evaluated. In connection with occupational epidemiological findings, we will be able to re-evaluate potential risk of respiratory cancer in nickel refining workers. These will define the mechanism study associated with nickel induced cancer and lead to fresh insights into prevention and management of nickel refining respiratory cancer.
我国从事镍冶炼的工人较多,镍冶炼工呼吸道肿瘤高发,国内外研究者均给予了极大关注。本课题组前期研究结果提示,相关蛋白在镍冶炼工呼吸道肿瘤中起着重要作用,其作用机制有待进一步深入探讨。据此提出:镍冶炼烟尘可能通过调控关键蛋白导致镍冶炼工呼吸道肿瘤。本项目通过职业流行病学调查,对我国镍冶炼工呼吸道肿瘤作出新的评估与分析,同时首次采用我国镍冶炼工人直接接触的镍冶炼烟尘为受试物,通过分析镍冶炼烟尘的生物利用度及其在细胞内的传递,探讨可能存在的细胞内死亡通路。以原癌-抑癌蛋白信号为主要切入点,发现及鉴定镍冶炼烟尘致关键蛋白的新靶点及信号通路新调控机制。揭示镍冶炼烟尘对ROS、ERK、AKT通路的调控作用,观察镍冶炼烟尘染毒后ΔNp63对呼吸道上皮细胞死亡方式和功能性表达的影响,以及对HIF-1α信号通路激活作用。本研究将为深入探讨镍冶炼烟尘的致癌机制奠定基础,为我国镍冶炼工呼吸道肿瘤的防治提供新思路。
本研究对镍冶炼现场的职业性有害因素及其危害程度进行了识别和评价,对镍暴露工人的职业健康监护情况进行了调查与分析,阐述了镍作业场所职业健康危害现状,应用流行病学数据,对职业接触镍的水平与呼吸系统肿瘤发病率之间的关系进行了系统评价。深入探讨了镍冶炼烟尘致关键蛋白的调控作用,以及镍冶炼工肺癌组织及染尘大鼠肺组织中△Np63表达的变化。揭示镍冶炼烟尘对ROS、ERK、AKT等通路的调控作用,以及对HIF-1α信号通路激活作用。.研究结果显示,镍冶炼工肺癌组织中ΔNp63蛋白表达量与正常肺间质细胞比较提高了77.29%,与非镍工肺癌组织中ΔNp63的表达量比较提高了26.73%。动物实验研究显示,镍冶炼烟尘能够诱导大鼠肺组织ΔNp63的过表达,Res能够有效抑制ΔNp63的表达。镍冶炼烟尘处理后的NIH/3T3细胞,随着染毒剂量的升高Bcl-2蛋白表达量表现为先升高后降低,Bax蛋白表达量表现为先降低后升高,提示低剂量的镍冶炼烟尘可能抑制了细胞凋亡;而高剂量镍冶炼烟尘(大于50μg/mL)可促进细胞凋亡的发生。本研究镍冶炼烟尘组大鼠肺泡灌洗液中炎性因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和 IL-8的含量明显升高。镍冶炼烟尘可激活大鼠肺组织细胞中凋亡相关蛋白(p-JNK、Bax、caspase-3、caspase-9)上调其表达水平。镍冶炼烟尘可激活PI3K、p-Akt、p70S6K1、ERK蛋白,并且能够增加HIF-1α的表达。PI3K、p-Akt、p70S6K1、ERK、HIF-1α的活化可以被PI3K/Akt抑制剂和ERK抑制剂所抑制。镍冶炼烟尘可以通过上调p53蛋白表达、下调抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的表达促进细胞损伤。.本研究同时开展了镍冶炼烟尘致NIH/3T3细胞损伤抑制的研究,为有效抑制镍冶炼烟尘的毒性作用,以及为我国镍暴露工人呼吸系统炎症和肿瘤的防治,提供了新的思路。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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