基于复合基底的氢同位素气体表面增强拉曼光谱研究

The nuclear fusion of hydrogen isotopes deuterium and tritium can release enormous energy, and has significant application potential in the energy and national defense fields. The component analysis of mixed hydrogen isotope gas is an indispensable technology in these applications. Since tritium is an extremely expensive radiative element, Raman spectrum which is a non-contactable, non-invasive, and non-leaky analysis method has obvious advantages in the analysis of hydrogen isotope gas. However, the Raman analysis of the hydrogen isotope gas is still very difficult due to the low sensitivity nature of Raman scattering. In this project, we propose a high-sensitivity analysis method of hydrogen isotope gas by means of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with a hydrogen-adsorption material/noble metal composite structure as the SERS substrate. The hydrogen isotopes can be adsorbed on the SERS substrate by the hydrogen-adsorption material, and the SERS spectrum can be enhanced by the nanostructure of noble metal. The component ratio of the hydrogen isotope gas can be obtained by analyzing the intensity ratio of the corresponding SERS peaks. Furthermore, the adsorption and desorption process of the hydrogen can be controlled by tuning the temperature of the substrates. Based on the hydrogen-adsorption material/noble metal composite SERS substrate, it is expected to achieve the aim of in situ detection of hydrogen isotope gas online.

氢同位素氘氚的聚变反应能够释放出巨大的能量，在能源和国防领域中具有重要应用，对其混合气体进行组分分析是其应用中一项不可或缺的重要技术。由于氚是一种放射性元素，且价格异常昂贵，因此无接触、无损、无排放的拉曼光谱在分析氢同位素气体时具有明显的优势。本项目针对目前拉曼光谱法在氢同位素气体分析中灵敏度低的问题，致力于研究应用表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）光谱法检测氢同位素气体。拟设计和制备吸氢材料/贵金属复合的表面增强拉曼散射基底，利用吸氢材料将氢同位素气体吸附在基底表面，并通过贵金属纳米结构对SERS光谱进行增强，通过氢同位素的SERS特征峰强度比来达到分析混合气中各组分比例的目的。此外，利用吸氢材料可实现氢气的可控吸附和脱附，通过该吸氢材料/贵金属复合SERS基底有望实现氢同位素气体的无损、无排放的高灵敏度在线检测。

氢同位素氘氚的聚变反应能够释放出巨大的能量，在能源和国防领域中具有重要应用，对其混合气体进行组分分析是其应用中一项不可或缺的重要技术。由于氚是一种放射性元素，且价格异常昂贵，因此无接触、无损、无排放的拉曼光谱在分析氢同位素气体时具有明显的优势。本项目针对目前拉曼光谱法在氢同位素气体分析中灵敏度低的问题，致力于研究应用表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）光谱法检测氢同位素气体。设计完成了氢同位素拉曼光谱原位检测分析系统，比较了贮氢合金材料、Mg材料、碳材料、多孔材料等作为氢同位素吸附材料的优劣。设计了基于阳极氧化铝模板（AAO）的表面增强复合基底，以DEB作为氢同位素检测探针分子，获得了500倍的表面增强效果，并通过增加了钯催化剂，显著提升了基底的动力学性能。与此同时开发了相关拉曼光谱检测技术和方法，开发了拉曼光谱测量铈氧化膜应力方法、拉曼光谱快速成像方法、低背景-高灵敏度的便携式拉曼光谱仪器等，有力支撑了国防项目大型试验的实施。项目共发表SCI论文5篇（1作或通讯作者3篇），申请发明专利4项，发表国防科技报告3篇。