贫困山区旅游地社会-生态系统恢复力测度与作用机制研究

Resilience is a new perspective of sustainable development. Resilience measurement results ,to a certain extent, judge the system trajectory and sustainable development stage. Resilience has become a research focus in China's geography and related disciplines in interpreting human activities and human interaction mechanism. In the change process from the traditional economy to tourism economy in poverty mountainous areas, there exit the many problems, such as spatial utilization, economic development, social security, ecological conservation etc. They can lead to system vulnerability and coping ability under the interaction of resilience changes, which affects the status and potential of sustainable development system.. Therefore, the project chooses the Dabie Mountains as a typical case, and takes tourism socio-ecological system as the research object. Starting from the theoretical research, the project sets out to clarify the definition, characteristics, types and elements of tourism socio-ecological system. The project intends to build the conceptual research framework of tourism socio-ecological system and clear the constituent elements and influencing factors on resilience. The project builds the driving mechanism model on resilience, selects and quantifies the contribution of driving elements in the different tourism development stages. Besides, the evolution process, steady state and temporal and spatial variation characteristics on resilience are revealed. The status of tourism sustainable socio-ecological system also is determined. At the same time, spatial countermeasures and adaptive management of resilience development are put forward. The project strives to enrich the research content of tourism geography, tourism ecology, and mountain science, provides scientific basis for promoting the sustainable tourism development, and a demonstration for other areas in poor mountainous areas.

恢复力是可持续发展的新视角，恢复力测度结果可在一定程度上衡量系统运行轨迹、发展阶段及其可持续状态。恢复力理论已成为地理学及相关学科诠释人类活动影响及人地相互作用机制的热点问题。贫困山区由传统经济向旅游经济转变时，引起社会-生态系统空间利用、经济发展、社会保障、生态保育等问题，进而引发系统脆弱性和应对能力相互作用下的恢复力变化，其影响系统可持续发展状态与潜力。. 因此，本项目拟以大别山为案例，构建恢复力研究的理论框架和测度指标体系；测定中观（县域单元）、局域（不同地域类型单元）、微观（典型旅游乡镇）等尺度的恢复力；分析恢复力演化过程、规律和时空分异特征，揭示系统运行轨迹，判定可持续发展状态；洞察恢复力发生的深层作用机制，甄选、量化不同阶段内外部干扰要素及贡献；提出适应性管理调控路径。力求丰富旅游地理学等学科研究内容，为推进旅游可持续发展提供科学依据，并为贫困山区发展提供典型示范。

恢复力是可持续发展的新视角，恢复力测度结果可在一定程度上衡量系统运行轨迹、发展阶段及其可持续状态。恢复力理论已成为地理学及相关学科诠释人类活动影响及人地相互作用机制的热点问题。贫困山区由传统经济向旅游经济转变时，引起社会-生态系统空间利用、经济发展、社会保障、生态保育等问题，进而引发系统脆弱性和应对能力相互作用下的恢复力变化，其影响系统可持续发展状态与潜力。本项目以旅游地社会-生态系统作为研究对象，以大别山区、皖南山区等为典型案例，结合贫困山区地理学特性，系统梳理了国内外旅游地社会-生态系统恢复力研究脉络和相关理论，基于社会-生态系统框架和恢复力特征，构建了旅游地社会-生态系统恢复力研究的理论框架，建立了旅游地社会-生态系统恢复力评价指标体系与测度模型；基于SEE-PSR模型，建立了贫困山区旅游地社会—生态系统脆弱性理论研究框架和综合评价体系。应用实地观察法、访谈法、问卷调查方法、GIS空间技术、统计分析法，定量测度了大别山区旅游地社会—生态系统脆弱性和恢复力以及所辖县域间的时空分异，在此基础上，进一步揭示了旅游地社会—生态系统脆弱性演变的影响机理，探讨了旅游地社会—生态系统恢复力的影响因素及其交互作用机制。修正了贫困山区旅游地适应性循环模型，测算了贫困山区生态系统服务价值和旅游生态补偿，提出了贫困山区区域旅游扶贫模式和旅游社区利益主体适应性对策建议；从乡村空间重构、人居环境调控等方面，构筑了适应性空间协调途径路径。丰富了旅游地理学、旅游生态学、山地科学等学科的研究内容，为推进贫困山区旅游可持续发展提供科学依据和典型示范。