Given their essential role in adaptive immunity, antigen receptor loci have been the focus of analysis for many years and are among a handful of the most well studied genes in the genome. However, we are still left with an incomplete picture of the structure of each locus and the impact of cis and trans acting factors on looping. Most of the early work focusing on understanding the mechanisms underlying locus contraction centered on the Igh locus, in part because the B cell specific transcription factor, Pax5 was the first factor to be identified as essential for altering locus conformation. In contrast to the Igh locus, no lineage and stage specific factors have been identified as essential for locus contraction of Igκ, Tcrb or Tcra. Our preliminary data showed that Pax5 play a critical role in mediating locus contraction of Igκ at the pro-B cell stage of development. Furthermore, we discovered a novel role for RAG1 in differentially altering the conformation of the Igκ and Igh loci. Here we aim to test the hypothesis that RAG1 and Pax5 mediated alterations in locus architecture impact the accessibility and rearrangement potential of Igh and Igκ in both a positive and negative manner. To determine whether RAG1- and Pax5-mediated alterations in locus conformation impact Igh and Igκ accessibility and transcriptional output we will integrate our 5C data with ChIP-seq, RNA-seq and ATAC-seq analyses. Together these studies will provide insight into the functional role of RAG1 and Pax5 in altering immunoglobulin loci conformation.
机体通过V(D)J重组产生高度多样的抗原受体来对抗外源病原体感染和自身细胞癌变,而异常重组会导致免疫力低下或自身免疫疾病易感。抗原受体基因的染色质空间组织对于抗原受体多样性至关重要,然而人们对于其空间组织方式和调节机制的认识还不完整。研究表明B细胞特异性转录因子Pax5通过调节免疫球蛋白重链基因(Igh)染色质构象来保证B细胞受体多样性。然而其它抗原受体基因染色质构象的发育特异性调节因子还不清楚。我们的预实验结果提示Pax5也调节轻链基因κ(Igκ)的染色质构象,同时发现重组酶Rag1可能在调节Igh和Igκ染色质构象方面存在重组酶活性不依赖的功能。为了验证这一假说,我们将采用染色质构象捕获碳拷贝(5C)技术结合表观遗传学技术研究Igh和Igκ染色质构象调节中Rag1和Pax5的新功能。本课题将有助于完整认识染色质空间组织对抗体多样性产生和等位排斥建立的作用,为免疫疾病研究提供理论基础。
抗原受体基因在发育过程中的V(D)J重组是产生高度多样的抗原受体的关键,是适应性免疫的基础,这一过程受到严密的调控,但是机制不是完全清楚。最近的研究显示染色质空间组织在抗原受体基因的重排中发挥重要作用。本项目采用3D FISH技术和5C技术研究了免疫球蛋白重链基因Igh和轻链基因Igk在B细胞发育过程中染色质空间变化,探索了重组酶Rag1的无酶活突变体对这两个基因的染色质空间组织影响,同时探索了B细胞发育关键转录因子Pax5对Igk在pro-B细胞中的染色质空间组织调节。我们发现轻链基因Igk在pro-B发育阶段已经开始收缩,其收缩程度甚至强于在pre-B阶段。Rag1的无酶活突变体D708A可以轻微的影响Igk基因在pro-B细胞中的收缩。Pax5显著地影响Igk基因的收缩。在Pax5野生型小鼠pro-B细胞,Igk基因可以分为两个亚TAD结构,分别是5'端V基因亚TAD和3'V基因/J基因/C基因亚TAD,两个亚TAD之间有密切的相互作用。在Pax5缺失的pro-B细胞中Igk基因的5'端V基因亚TAD内部相互作用减少,而3'V基因/J基因/C基因亚TAD解体,整体上相互作用显著降低。这表明Pax5除了介导Igh基因在pro-B阶段收缩外,还影响Igk基因的收缩。结合最近的文献,Pax5在pro-B细胞抑制Wapl基因表达,而Wapl的表达降低可以促进染色质更远距离的相互作用。因此Pax5可能是通过相同的机制影响Igk基因的收缩。我们对重链基因Igh的染色质构象也进行了分析。曾经人们认为Igh基因在pre-B细胞中会去收缩,这样避免在进一步重排。但是存在着争议。我们发现即使在Rag野生型的pre-B细胞中,Igh基因空间距离也长于在pro-B细胞中,表现出去收缩。有意思的是在Rag1敲除的pre-B细胞中,Igh并没有表现出去收缩,而是保持着和在pro-B细胞中相似的空间状态。然而,当我们分析Rag1无酶活突变体转基因小鼠pre-B细胞时,Igh表现出显著的去收缩,其空间长度超过野生型pre-B细胞。这个结果不仅解释了以前观察到的结论矛盾之处,也提示Rag1本身具有介导Igh去收缩的功能,这一功能不依赖Rag1的酶活。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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