唐代两京地区唐三彩的蓝彩来源研究

The Tang tri-coloured pottery is the first production which decorated by cobalt blue for pattern in the Chinese ceramic family. It laid the foundation for the emergence and prosperity of the blue-and-white porcelain. Chinese and foreign scholars have noted there are many similarities in decoration techniques and expression modes between the Tang tri-coloured pottery and contemporaneous West Asian Abbasid blue glazed pottery. However,the academia has not did the comprehensive research for the source and process technology of the blue pigments applied on Tang tri-coloured pottery. furthermore, the blue pigment comparison has not been the virtual method to study the interaction of the two ceramic systems. This project combined the traditional provenance study and simulation experiment.The composition analysis and microstructure analysis for the blue patterns of the Tang tri-coloured pottery would been done and the characters would been further discussed. On this basis, the blue glazes were processed by simulation experiement through various technologies according to the literatures. The model for the connection of mineral category and blue glaze compositional characteristics, and the connection of the process technology and the microstructure would be calculated, which reveals the mineral types and the process technologies of the cobalt blue applied on Tang tri-coloured pottery. The interaction of the aesthetics and technology between the Tang tri-coloured pottery and Abbasid glazed pottery would been further discussed through the comprehensive comparative study. The project has significant meaning to study the origin and development of the blue decoration for the Chinese ceramic system; advancing the comparative study of the Chinese and Islamic ceramics. Furthermore, this project would enlight the further study for the origin and development of the blue-and-white porcelain.

唐三彩是中国陶瓷体系中最早使用钴蓝彩做装饰的陶瓷品种，为其后青花瓷的出现和繁荣奠定了基础。中外学者都曾注意到唐三彩与西亚同时期的阿巴斯蓝彩釉陶在装饰技法和表现形式上有诸多相似之处，但是学术界并未对唐三彩中的蓝彩来源及其加工工艺进行过系统研究，因而未能使蓝彩的比较成为研究两大陶瓷体系关系的有效途径。本课题将传统的产地研究方法与模拟实验相结合，对唐三彩蓝彩进行成分分析和显微结构分析，探究其特征。在此基础上，根据文献记载，以不同工艺方法进行蓝釉模拟制备。对矿料种类与成分特征的关系，加工工艺与显微结构的关系建立模型，从而揭示唐三彩蓝彩的钴矿料种类及其加工工艺。通过对唐三彩与阿巴斯釉陶蓝彩的比较研究，探究两者在技术和审美上的交流。本课题的开展对研究中国陶瓷体系中蓝彩装饰的起源及其技术上的发展具有重要意义；推进了中国和伊斯兰两大陶瓷体系的比较研究；为进一步研究青花瓷的起源和发展奠定了基础。

唐三彩是中国陶瓷体系中最早使用钴蓝彩做装饰的陶瓷品种，为其后青花瓷的出现和繁荣奠定了基础。中外学者都曾注意到唐三彩与西亚同时期的阿巴斯蓝彩釉陶在装饰技法和表现形式上有诸多相似之处，但是学术界并未对唐三彩中的蓝彩来源及其加工工艺进行过系统研究，因而未能使蓝彩的比较成为研究两大陶瓷体系关系的有效途径。本课题将传统的产地研究方法与模拟实验相结合，对唐三彩蓝彩进行成分分析和显微结构分析，探究其特征。在此基础上，根据文献记载，以不同工艺方法进行蓝釉模拟制备。对矿料种类与成分特征的关系，加工工艺与显微结构的关系建立模型，从而揭示唐三彩蓝彩的钴矿料种类及其加工工艺。通过对唐三彩与阿巴斯釉陶蓝彩的比较研究，发现两者不仅纹饰风格类似，而且其上彩技术也非常相近。西方学者通过成分分析发现阿巴斯蓝彩中含锌而唐三彩蓝彩中不含锌，因此两者使用的不同钴料，然而我们通过模拟实验发现烧成温度和保温时间的差别也会对釉料中的锌含量产生很大影响，因而不能据此排除阿巴斯蓝彩与唐三彩蓝彩使用相同钴料的可能性。课题还对唐以前钴料在玻璃珠中的使用以及唐以后钴料在青花瓷中的使用进行了研究，发现无论早期还是晚期，钴料都存在外来的特征，本土大规模开采和使用钴料到明代中期以后才非常普遍。本课题的开展对研究中国陶瓷体系中蓝彩装饰的起源及其技术上的发展具有重要意义；推进了中国和伊斯兰两大陶瓷体系的比较研究；为进一步研究青花瓷的起源和发展奠定了基础；同时为探究钴料在中国的使用历程和发展变化进行了基础研究。