强韧-润滑一体化Sialon高温陶瓷的设计制备及微观结构调控对其宽温域摩擦磨损机理影响研究

Sialon composite ceramics possess very good mechanical properties, high temperature properties and chemical stability. It is one of the few materials which can be applied under 1600℃ environment, and urgently needed in aeronautics and astronautics industry, parts of engine, etc. However, Sialon based materials are restrict to apply in many fields, owing to its intrinsic brittleness and poor lubrication property. Therefore, it is very important to design and prepare Sialon composite ceramics with high toughness and self-lubricate property. In this proposal, we plan to prepare novel Sialon composite ceramics with both good mechanical and good tribological properties through the material design and technique optimization. In this study, we will carry out the following work: (1) Study the effect of the microstructure and morphology on the mechanical and tribological properties of Sialon based composite ceramics. (2) Conclude new criterion and theoretical model for the material design. (3) Carry out the study of the mechanical properties and tribological behavior of Sialon based composite ceramics under extreme and multi-factor coupling environment. (4) Investigate the mechanism of the toughening and antifriction of Sialon based materials under different working condition and concluded the method for the reliability analysis. . In this proposal, we can prepare novel Sialon based composite ceramics possess both good mechanical and good triboligical properties, which can widely applied in many harsh working condition and also can solve the urgent need for the high temperature material.

Sialon陶瓷具有优异的机械性能、高温性能及化学稳定性，是目前少数可应用于1600℃高温环境的材料之一，在航空航天、发动机部件等方面具有迫切的应用需求。由于材料的本征脆性以及润滑性能差，在很大程度上限制了Sialon材料的实际应用。因此，制备高韧-自润滑功能一体化Sialon陶瓷复合材料有重要的科学意义和广泛的应用前景。本申请拟通过组分设计和工艺调控，制备同时具有优异的力学性能和摩擦学性能的Sialon陶瓷复合材料，并研究微观组织结构对Sialon陶瓷复合材料的力学性能及摩擦学性能的影响，为材料的优化设计提出新的设计准则和理论模型。开展Sialon陶瓷自润滑材料在极端/多因素耦合环境下的力学行为及摩擦学行为研究，探讨在不同工况下该材料的增韧减磨机理，提出可靠性分析的理论与方法，为其在高技术领域的实际应用提供理论指导和技术支持。

高性能结构陶瓷由于具有耐高温、耐磨损、耐腐蚀、高强度、抗氧化等多种优异的性能，是制造高温润滑耐磨元件的理想材料。Si3N4陶瓷具有优越的 高温强度、导热性、耐火性、抗腐蚀性和电绝缘性等特点，是一种性能优异的高温结构材料。Sialon 陶瓷以其优异的机械性能和高温性能被视为下一代飞行器发动机叶片及相关高温摩擦部件的重要备选材料之一。本课题在国家自然基金的支持下，以制备强韧-润滑一体化氮化硅陶瓷为研究目标，取得了以下研究成果：设计制备了系列陶瓷-金属复合材料，系统的研究了氮化硅陶瓷、Sailon陶瓷的增强增韧及宽温域范围内摩擦磨损行为和机理。开展了从陶瓷增韧基础理论到高韧陶瓷工程应用的研究，在原位增强陶瓷技术、高温固相化学反应机理、高温自润滑氮化硅陶瓷、氮化硅陶瓷新的增韧理论及工艺探索、高韧氮化硅轴承应用等方面做了大量的研究工作，取得了一定的理论突破和工艺创新。已成功制备高强韧氮化硅陶瓷，并在磁浮轴承保护轴承获得初步应用。发表SCI论文23篇，中文核心2篇，申请中国发明专利32件，获得授权24件。相关工作获机械工业部2021年度技术发明一等奖1项，甘肃省材料学会科学技术一等奖，并入选国家“十三五科技创新成就展”。