SPME技术研究水体生态系统中PPCPs的环境行为

Transportation, accumulation, degradation and toxicity effects of organic contaminants are very hot research areas of environmental science. Recently, as emerging organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) obtained a lot of concern. but studies on their environmental behavior in thoroughly and systematically are still required. Sample preparation is a very important step for the determination of organic compounds in complex sample matrixes. The existed sample preparation methods are complex and time-consuming which limited the conducting of relative research in widely and deeply. As a convenient sample preparation technique and combining sampling, enrichment and separation into one step, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is currently predominant sample preparation method in the analysis of volatile organic compounds of plants and animals. In this project, the SPME in situ and in vivo sampling technique will be investigated and developed to systematically investigate the transformation, accumulation, degaradation and toxicity of PPCPs in aquatic ecosystem system, and illustrate the bioavailability of PPCPs. The study will be helpful for the development and application of SPME in situ and in vivo sampling technique, and can provide new methods for the monitoring of PPCPs and realize environmental functions of PPCPs in aquatic ecosystem, which is significant improtant for effective control of PPCPs in aquatic ecosystem and the protection of the human health.

有机污染物的迁移、富集、代谢及毒性效应等环境行为是当今环境科学领域的研究热点。药品及个人护理品（PPCPs）是近来受到广泛关注的一类新型有机污染物，但是目前对其环境行为的研究仍不够系统和深入。现有的样品前处理方法复杂繁琐，也制约了相关研究的广泛和深入开展。SPME技术集采样、萃取和进样于一体，简单方便，在动植物的挥发性有机物原位与活体采样分析占有重要地位。本项目拟建立PPCPs的SPME原位和活体采样分析技术，对水体生态系统中PPCPs的迁移、富集、代谢及毒性效应等环境行为进行系统研究，阐明PPCPs在水体生态系统的迁移规律和生物可利用性。本项目研究将有利于SPME原位和活体监测技术的进一步发展和应用，为生物体内PPCPs的监测提供新方法、新思路，也有助于更全面了解PPCPs在水体生态系统中的环境过程机制，对评价PPCPs的生态风险和健康风险具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。

本项目研制了金属纳米材料、纳米孔碳材料、有序介孔碳材料、微介孔有机聚合物、金属有机框架及纳米复合材料等多种材料的新型SPME（solid phase microextration）探针，设计的新型SPME探针与商用的探针相比对PPCPs (等环境有机污染物具有更高的灵敏度。同时，我们提出了水体及半固体样品基质中固相微萃取动力学的数学模型，进一步完善了SPME在复杂样品基质萃取的校正方法。.基于发展的多种新型SPME探针及完善的理论萃取模型，我们成功建立了环境水体中PPCPs及其它有机污染物快速灵敏的原位和活体采样技术，实现对多种目标污染物在动植物不同组织的长期跟踪。利用建立的活体采样技术，我们首次揭示了人造麝香、有机磷和有机氯农药等环境污染物在活体水生动植物体内的富集、消除及迁移等环境行为。同时，我们探讨了纳米颗粒暴露对环境有机污染在植物体内的环境行为的影响，研究表明纳米材料可作为污染物的载体，促进污染物在植物体内的蓄积。.本项目成功建立了PPCPs等环境有机污染物的SPME原位与活体采样分析技术，首次阐明PPCPs等环境有机污染物在水体生态系统的富集、消除及迁移等环境行为。建立的SPME活体采样技术可对环境中有机污染物的监测及转化规律研究提供有效的分析手段，对评价环境有机污染物的生态风险和健康风险具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。