神经质人格对负性事件记忆的影响及其神经生理机制

Trait neuroticism is closely linked with affective disorders. This has been indicated by prior studies to originate from the enhanced sensitivity to negative events with increasing neuroticism. However, this association may also stem from the possibility that negative events are more easily memorized and harder to be forgotten by highly neurotic individuals than by lowly neurotic individuals. More importanly, life is accompanied by a variety of environmental stress, which may interact with negative emotional events to intensify emotional memory and lead to affective disturbances. Thus, it is essential to address the impact of neuroticism on humans’ memory to negative events and its interaction with life stress, for the understanding of neuroticism-affective disturbance association. To this end, the current proposal plans to conduct four studies using behavioral and ERP techniques: 1) investigate the impact of neuroticism on memory formation and retrieval of negative events; 2) to investigate the impact of neuroticism on active forgetting of negative events；3) the role of stress in the impact of neuroticism on memory formation and retrieval of negative events；4) the role of stress in the impact of neuroticism on active forgetting of negative events. The ultimate goal of these research plans is to better understand the mechanisms of the susceptibility of neurotic individuals to affective disturbances and lay theoretic basis for effective intervention

神经质人格与情绪障碍密切相关。这可能不仅仅因为高神经质个体对负性事件具有更强的情绪易感性,也可能是由于相比低神经质个体，高神经质个体更容易记住和难以忘记负性事件。并且，生活往往伴随着环境应激，这可能与情绪记忆优势产生交互作用，从而强化情绪影响并导致情绪困扰的产生。为了检验上述假设，综合使用行为与ERP技术，本课题主要开展如下四个层面的研究: 1)：神经质人格对负性事件记忆的影响及其神经生理机制研究；2)：神经质人格对负性事件主动遗忘的影响及其神经生理机制研究；3)：应激如何影响高神经质人群对负性事件的记忆优势及神经生理机制研究；4)：应激如何影响高神经质人群对负性事件的主动遗忘及其神经生理机制研究。其最终目的在于揭示神经质人格易患情绪障碍的背后机制，为实施有效干预和提升该群体的身心健康水平提供理论基础。

本项目围绕“神经质人格影响对负性事件记忆”这一核心科学问题，综合采用了行为测量和多模态脑电技术进行了系统研究为什么高神经质人格容易患情绪障碍的原因。围绕该主题本课题组在国内外主流学术期刊上发表论文共计4篇。其中项目负责人以第一作者、共同第一作者和通讯作者发表SCI/SSCI收录论文共3篇。综合起来，主要取得了以下两方面的发现：一、采用脑电技术，我发现：个体对高情绪强度和低情绪强度负性事件均表现出增强记忆；二、采用主动遗忘任务的项目法和新/旧判断任务，以情绪视频诱发个体的应激，我们通过行为测量考察神经质人格和应激如何影响个体对情绪图片的主动遗忘。我们发现：在完成新/旧再认任务时，高神经质个体和低神经质个体均对负性图片都表现出了显著的定向遗忘效应，但是没有发现神经质人格和应激交互影响个体对情绪图片的主动遗忘。