生物质热解液化调控规律的研究

There are about 500 million tons of biomass resources that can be used for energy conversion in China. The liquid fuels, bio oil with density of 1.2g/ml, produced through the biomass fast pyrolysis liquifection technology can either be used as low grade boiler fuels directly or be upgraded to high grade liquid fuels. For the commercialization of bio oil production, the requirements for uniformity and stability of bio oil composition are high, therefore, it is necessary to develop the basic theory of product orientated fast pyrolysis of biomass. To establish the thermal physical data base of biomass resources is the fundamental work for the subsequent researches and must be strengthened at the present stage of study. Pyrolytic products are affected by factors such as particles' movement, heat and mass transfer, pyrolysis kinetics, catalytic mechanism, measurement of temperature field, particle residence time, etc. in the pyrolysis reactor. To determine the effects of these factors on the final products of pyrolysis and then to develop the control pattern are the theoretical basis for realizing the product orientated fast pyrolysis of biomass. Based on the previous studies, the aim of this study is to make a theoretical breakthrough on the product orientated fast pyrolysis of biomass for the commercialization of bio oil production.

我国生物质资源每年有大约5亿吨能够用于能源转化。生物质裂解液化技术能够直接获得密度1.2g/ml的液体燃料- - 生物油。生物油既可以直接做锅炉燃料低端应用，还可以集中后提质转化高品位液体燃料。在产业化发展中，对生物油成分和稳定都提出了高要求，有必要在基础理论上解决生物质裂解的定向调控问题。建立典型生物质资源热物性数据库是后续研究的基础工作，也是目前较薄弱需加强研究的工作；裂解反应器内部的流动、传热传质、热解动力学、催化剂、温度场、停留时间等都对生物质裂解产物有影响，研究获得上述诸因素对于生物质裂解产物的控制规律，建立生物质裂解液化调控模式，是实现生物质定向液化的理论基础。在前期研究的基础上，深入开展本项研究，有望在理论上取得突破，为生物质裂解液化技术产业化发展提供理论支撑。

利用快速热解液化技术将农林废弃物等固态生物质转化为液体燃料生物油，其能量密度大大提高，既可以直接做锅炉燃料低端应用，还可以提质转化为高品位液体燃料。在产业化发展中，对生物油成分和稳定性都提出了高要求，有必要在基础理论上解决生物质裂解液化的定向调控问题。通过本项目研究，建立了典型生物质热物性数据库，解析了生物质热解过程中焦颗粒物化结构和热物性参数的演化规律，确定了反应器内多相传递过程混合与流动、传热传质与热解动力学规律，阐明了生物质催化快速热解反应机制和选择性调控机制，获得了生物质定向热解液化控制规律，建立了生物质裂解液化调控模式，提出了控制策略。本研究进一步丰富和完善了生物质裂解液化技术基础理论体系。