陶瓷超滤膜处理乳化油废水过程中膜污染机理与膜面抗污染调控研究

Oil/water emulsion wastewater (O/W) has a wide range of sources, large emissions, serious damage to the ecological environment, which is difficult to be removed by conventional water treatment technologies. Ceramic ultrafiltration membrane is considered to be an effective method for O/W emulsion treatment, yet severe membrane fouling greatly limits its industrial application because of the complex components of O/W emulsion. Our previous study demonstrated that ceramic membrane surface property significantly influenced membrane fouling. In comparison to organic membrane, the relationship between the surface properties of ceramic membrane and its filtration performance, and its correspondingly fouling mechanism remain unclear. However, the knowledge on these relationship and mechanism is the foundation and premise for guiding how to effectively reduce membrane fouling and thus promoting a wide application of ceramic membrane for O/W emulsion treatment. Therefore, this project is aimed to reveal the relationship of ceramic membrane surface property- membrane performance and membrane fouling mechanism based on studying the influence of O/W emulsion and ceramic membrane surface properties on membrane fouling, and analyzing the interaction of membrane-oil droplets, the membrane foulant composition, form and position distribution, as well as membrane fouling resistance and model. According to the above studies, regulate membrane surface characteristic to enhance membrane antifouling ability, and propose correspondingly high-efficiency membrane cleaning solution to further reduce membrane fouling. Overall, this project will provide scientific basis and technical support for the promotion and application of ceramic ultrafiltration membrane technology for O/W emulsion treatment.

乳化油废水来源广泛，排放量大、严重危害环境，传统水处理技术很难治理。陶瓷超滤膜可有效分离乳化油，但乳化油组分复杂导致其处理过程膜污染尤为严重，限制了陶瓷膜技术应用。前期工作基础表明陶瓷膜膜面性质显著影响膜污染，然而相比有机膜，陶瓷膜膜面性质与膜过滤效能关系及其污染机理均未明确，而对以上问题的认知是指导如何减轻陶瓷膜污染、推广其应用的基础和前提。本项目以此问题为导向，围绕乳化油性质和陶瓷膜膜面性质对膜污染的影响机制展开研究，结合陶瓷膜与乳化油油滴之间微观作用力分析，膜污染物组成、形态和位置分布分析，膜污染阻力和膜污染模型分析，拟揭示陶瓷膜膜面性质与膜过滤效能关系、以及陶瓷膜处理乳化油过程中的膜污染机理；并以此为指导，调控陶瓷膜膜面特性以提高其抗污染能力，同时提出相应的高效膜清洗方案，进一步降低陶瓷膜污染。该研究将为陶瓷超滤膜处理乳化油废水技术的推广应用提供科学依据与技术支持。

乳化油废水来源广泛，排放量大、严重危害环境，传统水处理技术很难治理。陶瓷超滤膜可有效分离乳化油，但乳化油组分复杂导致其处理过程膜污染尤为严重，限制了陶瓷膜技术应用。本项目以此问题为导向，围绕乳化油性质和陶瓷膜膜面性质对膜污染的影响机制展开研究，通过对膜污染组成及其在膜表面和孔道分布形态分析，构建膜污染模型拟合膜污染过程，探明了陶瓷膜与乳化油油滴之间微观作用关系，解析了陶瓷膜膜面性质与膜过滤效能关系，结合膜污染阻力计算结果，揭示了陶瓷膜处理乳化油过程中的膜污染机理；并以此为指导，建立了无机陶瓷膜界面抗污染特性调控方法，显著提高了膜抗污染表现，同时提出了相应的高效膜清洗方案，进一步降低陶瓷膜污染，实现了乳化油废水的高效处理。该项目研究成果将为陶瓷超滤膜处理乳化油废水技术的推广应用提供科学依据与技术支持。在项目执行期间，发表了高水平学术论文7篇，其中SCI收录6篇，EI收录1篇；申请国家发明专利3项，已授权1项；培养了博士研究生1名，硕士研究生2名。